How does bitcoin broadcast to the whole network
Publish: 2021-05-25 17:25:22
1. Computers with bitcoin clients are called nodes, and all nodes on the Internet constitute a bitcoin network. Whenever a new bitcoin is generated and traded on a node, the node will broadcast to the nearby bitcoin node, and finally the whole network node will record the transaction information
in the bitcoin network, each node with a client installed has a distributed database to manage bitcoin proction, transaction, query account balance records, and update and record the latest records of changes in the bitcoin system
when you want to send 10 bitcoins to your friends. You need two things, one is the bitcoin address, the other is the corresponding private key. Bitcoin addresses are different from bank accounts. You don't need to sign a bunch of documents to apply for them. They are randomly generated, just a string of letters and numbers. The private key is also a similar string, but this is strictly confidential. The bitcoin address is like a transparent piggy bank. Everyone can see what's in it, but only the person with the private key can open it.
after you send the transaction application, the surrounding nodes will check whether your account has 10 bitcoins. If there are, they will agree to the transaction, and broadcast the message to the nearby nodes, which will be transmitted from one to ten, and from ten to 100, Soon the whole network will confirm the transaction information and write it to the block. Your friend will receive 10 bitcoins, and the transaction will be completed.
if you want to send small bitcoins, in theory, digital currency can be cut infinitely. At present, the smallest bitcoin unit is called "Nakamoto Tsung", which is equivalent to 0.00000001 bitcoins.
in the bitcoin network, each node with a client installed has a distributed database to manage bitcoin proction, transaction, query account balance records, and update and record the latest records of changes in the bitcoin system
when you want to send 10 bitcoins to your friends. You need two things, one is the bitcoin address, the other is the corresponding private key. Bitcoin addresses are different from bank accounts. You don't need to sign a bunch of documents to apply for them. They are randomly generated, just a string of letters and numbers. The private key is also a similar string, but this is strictly confidential. The bitcoin address is like a transparent piggy bank. Everyone can see what's in it, but only the person with the private key can open it.
after you send the transaction application, the surrounding nodes will check whether your account has 10 bitcoins. If there are, they will agree to the transaction, and broadcast the message to the nearby nodes, which will be transmitted from one to ten, and from ten to 100, Soon the whole network will confirm the transaction information and write it to the block. Your friend will receive 10 bitcoins, and the transaction will be completed.
if you want to send small bitcoins, in theory, digital currency can be cut infinitely. At present, the smallest bitcoin unit is called "Nakamoto Tsung", which is equivalent to 0.00000001 bitcoins.
2.
there are two ways to trade bitcoin, one is spot trading, also known as currency trading, which requires the purchase of usdt (omnilayer protocol based digital assets released on bitcoin blockchain), and then the purchase of spot, and the other is futures trading. the futures trading is divided into delivery contract trading, which is generally a weekly contract, Next week contracts, quarterly contracts and perpetual contracts
6, when I successfully transfer my bitcoin recharge to the trading platform, I can sell my bitcoin on the trading platform. On the trading platform, click the "sell bitcoin" option under the trading column
7. Then select the type of order to sell, the quantity of bitcoin to sell, and click the "next order" button to continue
Similarly, the record of selling bitcoin can also be seen in the transaction query under the transaction column9, when the transaction is successful, you can withdraw RMB to your bank card. Under account management on the left side of the page, click "RMB withdrawal", and then fill in according to the required format in the right pane. Finally, click the "withdraw" button
3. Qube exchange answers for you:
1) new transactions broadcast to the whole network
2) each node brings the received transaction information into a block
3) each node tries to find a workload proof with enough difficulty in its own block
4) when a node finds a workload proof, it broadcasts to the whole network
5) if and only if all the transactions contained in the block are valid and have not existed before, other nodes agree with the validity of the block
6) other nodes indicate that they accept the block, and the method of indicating acceptance is to follow the end of the block, create a new block to extend the chain, and regard the random hash value of the accepted block as the random hash value that is faster than the new block
hope to help you.
1) new transactions broadcast to the whole network
2) each node brings the received transaction information into a block
3) each node tries to find a workload proof with enough difficulty in its own block
4) when a node finds a workload proof, it broadcasts to the whole network
5) if and only if all the transactions contained in the block are valid and have not existed before, other nodes agree with the validity of the block
6) other nodes indicate that they accept the block, and the method of indicating acceptance is to follow the end of the block, create a new block to extend the chain, and regard the random hash value of the accepted block as the random hash value that is faster than the new block
hope to help you.
4. In 018, the explosive development of blockchain technology was much like the Internet in 1997. I believe that the development of blockchain technology will certainly be faster than the Internet. If you don't take in some knowledge of blockchain, maybe you will fall behind an era. This article will answer several questions about bitcoin
question 1: how was bitcoin born
on November 1, 2008, a person who called himself Satoshi Nakamoto posted a statement on micro v-bq Er Wu Ba y on a secret cryptography review group (cryptopunk), stating his new idea of e-money bitcoin
question 2: how to proce bitcoin
bitcoin network generates new bitcoin through "mining". In essence, the so-called "mining" is to solve a complex mathematical problem with a computer to ensure the micro v-bq consistency of the bitcoin network distributed accounting system. Bitcoin generates a block every 10 minutes, which contains all the transaction information in the past 10 minutes. Whoever can work out the figures will get the right to keep accounts. After obtaining the accounting right, it will broadcast and store to the whole network. It's uncertain who gets the bookkeeping right. Of course, the stronger your computing ability is, the higher the probability of getting the bookkeeping right is. Then the bitcoin network will generate a certain amount of bitcoin as a reward to reward those who have the right to keep accounts
question 3: what are the characteristics of bitcoin
it is impossible to control the number of issues without a fully decentralized issuing institution. Bitcoin does not need a third-party organization, and it is a peer-to-peer transaction with mutual trust. The establishment of trust is no longer based on large institutions, but on cryptography and code. Bitcoin can be managed on any computer connected to the Internet. No matter where you are, anyone can dig, buy, sell or collect bitcoin. The private key is needed to control bitcoin. It can be stored in any storage medium in isolation, and no one can get it except the user himself. As a means of payment from a to B, bitcoin has no cumbersome limit of quota and proceres. You can pay when you know the address of the other party's bitcoin
question 4: can bitcoin be imitated
it is difficult for the cat to survive. Because bitcoin algorithm is completely open source, anyone can download the source code, modify some parameters, recompile, and create a new P2P currency. However, these counterfeit currencies are vulnerable to 51% attacks. Any indivial or organization, as long as it controls 51% of the computing power of a P2P currency network, can manipulate transactions and currency value at will, which will be a devastating blow to P2P currency. Many Shanzhai coins die in this link. The bitcoin network is robust enough. If you want to control 51% of the computing power of the bitcoin network, the number of CPUs / GPUs required will be astronomical
question 5: why is the total amount of bitcoin 21 million
when bitcoin was born in 2009, each reward was 50 bitcoins. Ten minutes after its birth, the first 50 bitcoins were generated, and the total amount of money at this time is 50. Then bitcoin grew at a rate of about 50 every 10 minutes. When the total amount reaches 10.5 million (50% of 21 million), the bounty will be halved to 25. When the total amount reached 15.75 million (5.25 million new output, or 50% of 1050), the bounty was further halved to 12.5. And so on. According to its design principle, the total amount of bitcoin will continue to grow until it reaches 21 million more than 100 years later. However, the growth rate of bitcoin micro v-bq in the later period will be very slow. In short, bitcoin proction is halved every four years, and currently 12.5 bitcoins are proced every 10 minutes. In fact, 87.5% of bitcoin will be "g up" in the first 12 years. Moreover, 21 million is only theoretical data. In reality, e to the neglect of bitcoin in the early stage, many bitcoins were lost
question 6: what are the benefits of bitcoin miners
first of all, bitcoin will be rewarded directly after obtaining the bookkeeping right through calculation. But according to bitcoin's rules, as time goes on, the rewards will be less and less. In the future, the income will mainly come from the service charge generated by bitcoin transaction
question 7: why can't bitcoin be modified
for example, if a and B trade, a needs to pay B 100 bitcoins. But if a wants to default, he just wants to pay B a bitcoin. According to the rules of bitcoin, he has to obtain the bookkeeping right of the next 10 minute micro v-bq Er Wu Ba y before he can modify it; Similarly, he has to get another 10 minutes of bookkeeping rights, and so on. So modification is almost impossible
question 8: bitcoin transaction rate
theoretically, the bitcoin transaction rate is 7 transactions per second. In fact, bitcoin currently trades at only one transaction per second
question 9: why does bitcoin have such a strong vitality
if bitcoin is compared to a company, then it has no board of shareholders, board of directors, management, strict leadership, HR, Department Manager, staff, operating site and income. However, bitcoin has been running successfully for nine years without any problems, and its market value is hundreds of billions. The operation of the network relies on a set of mathematical algorithms, incentive mechanism and community for management and governance
question 10: what are the problems facing bitcoin
first, the transaction confirmation time is long. When bitcoin wallet is first installed with micro v-bq-y, it will consume a lot of time to download historical transaction data blocks. While bitcoin transaction, in order to confirm the accuracy of data, it will take some time to interact with P2P network, and the transaction will be completed only after the whole network is confirmed
Second, the public does not understand the principle, and the traditional financial practitioners resist. People who understand the principle know that bitcoin is not manipulated and controlled by a legal person. But the public doesn't understand, and many people can't even tell the difference between bitcoin and q-coin“ "No issuer" is the advantage of bitcoin, but in the view of traditional financial practitioners, "no issuer" currency is worthless.
question 1: how was bitcoin born
on November 1, 2008, a person who called himself Satoshi Nakamoto posted a statement on micro v-bq Er Wu Ba y on a secret cryptography review group (cryptopunk), stating his new idea of e-money bitcoin
question 2: how to proce bitcoin
bitcoin network generates new bitcoin through "mining". In essence, the so-called "mining" is to solve a complex mathematical problem with a computer to ensure the micro v-bq consistency of the bitcoin network distributed accounting system. Bitcoin generates a block every 10 minutes, which contains all the transaction information in the past 10 minutes. Whoever can work out the figures will get the right to keep accounts. After obtaining the accounting right, it will broadcast and store to the whole network. It's uncertain who gets the bookkeeping right. Of course, the stronger your computing ability is, the higher the probability of getting the bookkeeping right is. Then the bitcoin network will generate a certain amount of bitcoin as a reward to reward those who have the right to keep accounts
question 3: what are the characteristics of bitcoin
it is impossible to control the number of issues without a fully decentralized issuing institution. Bitcoin does not need a third-party organization, and it is a peer-to-peer transaction with mutual trust. The establishment of trust is no longer based on large institutions, but on cryptography and code. Bitcoin can be managed on any computer connected to the Internet. No matter where you are, anyone can dig, buy, sell or collect bitcoin. The private key is needed to control bitcoin. It can be stored in any storage medium in isolation, and no one can get it except the user himself. As a means of payment from a to B, bitcoin has no cumbersome limit of quota and proceres. You can pay when you know the address of the other party's bitcoin
question 4: can bitcoin be imitated
it is difficult for the cat to survive. Because bitcoin algorithm is completely open source, anyone can download the source code, modify some parameters, recompile, and create a new P2P currency. However, these counterfeit currencies are vulnerable to 51% attacks. Any indivial or organization, as long as it controls 51% of the computing power of a P2P currency network, can manipulate transactions and currency value at will, which will be a devastating blow to P2P currency. Many Shanzhai coins die in this link. The bitcoin network is robust enough. If you want to control 51% of the computing power of the bitcoin network, the number of CPUs / GPUs required will be astronomical
question 5: why is the total amount of bitcoin 21 million
when bitcoin was born in 2009, each reward was 50 bitcoins. Ten minutes after its birth, the first 50 bitcoins were generated, and the total amount of money at this time is 50. Then bitcoin grew at a rate of about 50 every 10 minutes. When the total amount reaches 10.5 million (50% of 21 million), the bounty will be halved to 25. When the total amount reached 15.75 million (5.25 million new output, or 50% of 1050), the bounty was further halved to 12.5. And so on. According to its design principle, the total amount of bitcoin will continue to grow until it reaches 21 million more than 100 years later. However, the growth rate of bitcoin micro v-bq in the later period will be very slow. In short, bitcoin proction is halved every four years, and currently 12.5 bitcoins are proced every 10 minutes. In fact, 87.5% of bitcoin will be "g up" in the first 12 years. Moreover, 21 million is only theoretical data. In reality, e to the neglect of bitcoin in the early stage, many bitcoins were lost
question 6: what are the benefits of bitcoin miners
first of all, bitcoin will be rewarded directly after obtaining the bookkeeping right through calculation. But according to bitcoin's rules, as time goes on, the rewards will be less and less. In the future, the income will mainly come from the service charge generated by bitcoin transaction
question 7: why can't bitcoin be modified
for example, if a and B trade, a needs to pay B 100 bitcoins. But if a wants to default, he just wants to pay B a bitcoin. According to the rules of bitcoin, he has to obtain the bookkeeping right of the next 10 minute micro v-bq Er Wu Ba y before he can modify it; Similarly, he has to get another 10 minutes of bookkeeping rights, and so on. So modification is almost impossible
question 8: bitcoin transaction rate
theoretically, the bitcoin transaction rate is 7 transactions per second. In fact, bitcoin currently trades at only one transaction per second
question 9: why does bitcoin have such a strong vitality
if bitcoin is compared to a company, then it has no board of shareholders, board of directors, management, strict leadership, HR, Department Manager, staff, operating site and income. However, bitcoin has been running successfully for nine years without any problems, and its market value is hundreds of billions. The operation of the network relies on a set of mathematical algorithms, incentive mechanism and community for management and governance
question 10: what are the problems facing bitcoin
first, the transaction confirmation time is long. When bitcoin wallet is first installed with micro v-bq-y, it will consume a lot of time to download historical transaction data blocks. While bitcoin transaction, in order to confirm the accuracy of data, it will take some time to interact with P2P network, and the transaction will be completed only after the whole network is confirmed
Second, the public does not understand the principle, and the traditional financial practitioners resist. People who understand the principle know that bitcoin is not manipulated and controlled by a legal person. But the public doesn't understand, and many people can't even tell the difference between bitcoin and q-coin“ "No issuer" is the advantage of bitcoin, but in the view of traditional financial practitioners, "no issuer" currency is worthless.
5. Bitcoin receives payments almost instantaneously. However, there is an average delay of 10 minutes before the network starts adding your transaction to a block to confirm the transaction and that you can use the received bitcoin. Confirmation means that there is a consensus on the Internet that the bitcoin you receive is not used to pay others, so it is recognized as your property. Once your transaction is included in one block, all subsequent blocks will include it, which will greatly consolidate this consensus and rece the risk of transaction cancellation. Each user can determine the time when the transaction is confirmed, but generally speaking, receiving six confirmations is as safe as waiting six months after a credit card transaction
only full node clients like bitcoin core need longer synchronization time. Technically, synchronization is a process of downloading and verifying all previous bitcoin transactions on the network. Some bitcoin clients need to know all previous transactions to calculate the available balance of your bitcoin wallet and complete new transactions. This step consumes a lot of resources and needs enough bandwidth and space to store the whole block chain. In order to maintain the security of bitcoin, enough users need to use the full node client, because they play the role of confirmation and relay transactions.
only full node clients like bitcoin core need longer synchronization time. Technically, synchronization is a process of downloading and verifying all previous bitcoin transactions on the network. Some bitcoin clients need to know all previous transactions to calculate the available balance of your bitcoin wallet and complete new transactions. This step consumes a lot of resources and needs enough bandwidth and space to store the whole block chain. In order to maintain the security of bitcoin, enough users need to use the full node client, because they play the role of confirmation and relay transactions.
6. First of all, bitcoin can not be regarded as currency. Second, bitcoin is a reward of incentive system. When a transaction is generated, people who broadcast to the whole network, judge the transaction and help the broadcast will get a reward (bitcoin)
7.
Two statements for reference are found from Babbitt:
-
bitcoin adopts a mathematical contest to determine the time when a transaction arrives at a node, and at the same time to protect this order. In bitcoin system, transactions are sorted by group allocation, Such groups are called blocks (transactions occurring at the same time will be divided into the same block), and then these blocks are linked together, which is called blockchain. Blockchain is used to sort transactions, while the transaction chain tracks and records the change of bitcoin ownership. These blocks are arranged according to time, which is a link. Transactions not in the block are called unconfirmed or unsorted transactions, and any node is about to put a group of unconfirmed transactions into the block, Then broadcast their suggestions about what the next block should be to other nodes in the network
If multiple people generate blocks at the same time (the probability is very small), there will be multiple choices for the next block of the current block. In order to ensure the sequence of block links, the bitcoin system requires each effective block to include the answer to a special mathematical problem, and the computer calculates the text of the whole block, In addition, random guessing based on encrypted hash can be done until an output lower than a certain value is obtained. Hash function can create a short summary from any length of text. This fixed output value is very complex. The only way to find it is random guessing, which is called mining -
when King released PPC last year, it introced checkpoint mechanism to protect against attacks in its early development. This mechanism enables it to resist 51% attacks. " Developers can control a parent node and broadcast "checkpoints" to the whole network, which allows other nodes to agree on certain blocks“ This is actually a [blockchain] continuity warning message, "he said< br />
8. What are you broadcasting without mining
9. I also want to know your question. For the same question, I have worked out one. Doesn't it need to broadcast all over the network? Doesn't it need time to broadcast all over the network? What should we do if there is a conflict? Who decides the time? I see some information that it's a random choice. If it's a bifurcation, who will decide and merge? Looking forward to expert answers
10. "Router on server side" and "DNS server on server side" are not accurate
in fact, the authentication process of ADSL users is mainly the interaction between the client and a device called bras. Bras is responsible for the authentication of user account / password, and assigning IP address, mask, gateway and DNS to users. After obtaining this information, users can access the public network through bras. The IP address obtained by the user is the public network address. The obtained information can be viewed with ipconfig / all command under DOS
the following is a description of bras:
broadband remote access server (bras) is a new access gateway for broadband network applications, which is located in the edge layer of the backbone network, It can complete the data access of IP / ATM network with user bandwidth (at present, the access means are mainly based on xDSL / cable modem / high speed Ethernet Technology (LAN) / wireless broadband data access (WLAN), etc.), realize the broadband Internet access of commercial buildings and residential quarters, IP VPN service based on IPSec (IP Security Protocol), build enterprise intranet, support ISP wholesale business to users, etc
the broadband access server (bras) mainly performs two functions: one is the network carrying function: it is responsible for terminal users' PPPoE (point-to-point protocol over Ethernet, which is a way of transmitting PPP sessions over Ethernet) to connect and gather users' traffic; The second is the control function: it can cooperate with the authentication system, billing system, customer management system and service policy control system to realize the authentication, billing and management functions of user access
for DNS servers, it is not directly associated with bras. As mentioned above, bras will return the IP address of the DNS server after successfully authenticating ADSL users, and the client PC will use the IP address of DNS to communicate with the DNS server when it needs to use DNS. Generally speaking, ADSL users share the same DNS server with Internet users such as Internet cafes and big customers. The difference is that the IP addresses of Internet cafes and big customers are fixed public IP addresses, which can be used directly; The IP address of ordinary users needs to be temporarily assigned every time they surf the Internet. This is concive to saving IP address resources when the IP address is not abundant.
in fact, the authentication process of ADSL users is mainly the interaction between the client and a device called bras. Bras is responsible for the authentication of user account / password, and assigning IP address, mask, gateway and DNS to users. After obtaining this information, users can access the public network through bras. The IP address obtained by the user is the public network address. The obtained information can be viewed with ipconfig / all command under DOS
the following is a description of bras:
broadband remote access server (bras) is a new access gateway for broadband network applications, which is located in the edge layer of the backbone network, It can complete the data access of IP / ATM network with user bandwidth (at present, the access means are mainly based on xDSL / cable modem / high speed Ethernet Technology (LAN) / wireless broadband data access (WLAN), etc.), realize the broadband Internet access of commercial buildings and residential quarters, IP VPN service based on IPSec (IP Security Protocol), build enterprise intranet, support ISP wholesale business to users, etc
the broadband access server (bras) mainly performs two functions: one is the network carrying function: it is responsible for terminal users' PPPoE (point-to-point protocol over Ethernet, which is a way of transmitting PPP sessions over Ethernet) to connect and gather users' traffic; The second is the control function: it can cooperate with the authentication system, billing system, customer management system and service policy control system to realize the authentication, billing and management functions of user access
for DNS servers, it is not directly associated with bras. As mentioned above, bras will return the IP address of the DNS server after successfully authenticating ADSL users, and the client PC will use the IP address of DNS to communicate with the DNS server when it needs to use DNS. Generally speaking, ADSL users share the same DNS server with Internet users such as Internet cafes and big customers. The difference is that the IP addresses of Internet cafes and big customers are fixed public IP addresses, which can be used directly; The IP address of ordinary users needs to be temporarily assigned every time they surf the Internet. This is concive to saving IP address resources when the IP address is not abundant.
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