Questions about bitcoin Development Manual
Publish: 2021-05-24 21:11:11
1. 1. bitcoin white paper: a peer-to-peer e-cash system, written by Tsung Nakamoto. Read this white paper first, and then consider other contents
2 FORTRAN 95 programming, written by Peng Guolun
3 Introction to FORTRAN 77 and 90 / 95 programming, written by Ding Zejun
4. Out of control: the new biology of machines, society and economy
5. Necessity, written by Kevin Kelly, mentions 12 inevitable trends in the next 20 years
6. Master bitcoin, this book will provide you with the necessary knowledge to guide you into the bitcoin world
7. blockchain revolution, written by don Tapscott and Alex Tapscott, tells how the underlying technology of bitcoin has changed money, business and the world
8. Blueprint and guide of blockchain new economy, written by Melanie Swann
9. Blockchain: the concept of quantum wealth, written by Han Feng / Zhang Xiaomei
10. Logic of finance, The author is Chen Zhiwu. The work starts from the cultural and institutional genes of wealth in simple terms, so as to tell readers what the logic of finance is
related books include principles of economics, blockchain: technology driven finance, blockchain Revolution: how bitcoin's underlying technology can change money Business and the world, blockchain technology guide, illustrated blockchain, how blockchain will redefine the world, digital currency: bitcoin data reporting and operation guide, blockchain: from digital currency to credit society, intelligent age, etc. to be honest, blockchain is still a hot resource. It's mainly about judgment (whether it's valuable) and action (to get in early)
recommends a block chain related APP, called golden finance, recommends a public official account, called "Xiao Ke online". The article is rich in materials;
2 FORTRAN 95 programming, written by Peng Guolun
3 Introction to FORTRAN 77 and 90 / 95 programming, written by Ding Zejun
4. Out of control: the new biology of machines, society and economy
5. Necessity, written by Kevin Kelly, mentions 12 inevitable trends in the next 20 years
6. Master bitcoin, this book will provide you with the necessary knowledge to guide you into the bitcoin world
7. blockchain revolution, written by don Tapscott and Alex Tapscott, tells how the underlying technology of bitcoin has changed money, business and the world
8. Blueprint and guide of blockchain new economy, written by Melanie Swann
9. Blockchain: the concept of quantum wealth, written by Han Feng / Zhang Xiaomei
10. Logic of finance, The author is Chen Zhiwu. The work starts from the cultural and institutional genes of wealth in simple terms, so as to tell readers what the logic of finance is
related books include principles of economics, blockchain: technology driven finance, blockchain Revolution: how bitcoin's underlying technology can change money Business and the world, blockchain technology guide, illustrated blockchain, how blockchain will redefine the world, digital currency: bitcoin data reporting and operation guide, blockchain: from digital currency to credit society, intelligent age, etc. to be honest, blockchain is still a hot resource. It's mainly about judgment (whether it's valuable) and action (to get in early)
recommends a block chain related APP, called golden finance, recommends a public official account, called "Xiao Ke online". The article is rich in materials;
2. On January 3, 2009, the author of the white paper, Nakamoto Tsung, was located on a small server in Helsinki, Finland. He personally created the first block, the creation block of bitcoin, and won the first 50 bitcoins automatically generated by the system. The first bitcoin came out
bitcoin is a virtual encrypted digital currency in the form of P2P, and point-to-point transmission means a decentralized payment system.
bitcoin is a virtual encrypted digital currency in the form of P2P, and point-to-point transmission means a decentralized payment system.
3. I don't know how many crystals flow, but 10000 crystals = 1 yuan RMB
however, mining is very slow. It's only half a month since I got the crystal qualification. I only have 20000 crystals. The proction capacity is very low. The fastest speed is 3000K and the cache is 40g. In the last three days, it's about three or four thousand a day. The speed is fast in the evening, and almost no speed in the daytime
my home's 20m optical fiber is very close to the base station. The download speed is 3.7m/s, and the upload speed is about 2.4m/s.
however, mining is very slow. It's only half a month since I got the crystal qualification. I only have 20000 crystals. The proction capacity is very low. The fastest speed is 3000K and the cache is 40g. In the last three days, it's about three or four thousand a day. The speed is fast in the evening, and almost no speed in the daytime
my home's 20m optical fiber is very close to the base station. The download speed is 3.7m/s, and the upload speed is about 2.4m/s.
4. Version of block version
hash value of previous block: prev_ Hash
the hash tree value of the transaction to be written: Merkle_ Root
update time: ntime
current difficulty: nbits
the process of mining is to find x to make
sha256 (version + prev)_ hash + merkle_ root + ntime + nbits + x )) < Target
the range of X in the above formula is 0 ~ 2 ^ 32, which can be calculated according to the current difficulty. In addition to x, you can also try to change Merkle_ Root and ntime. Because of the hash feature, finding such an X can only be brute force search
once you find x, you can broadcast a new block, and other clients will verify whether your block is legal. If your block is accepted, the first transaction in each block must be to send the newly generated 25 bitcoins to an address. Of course, you will set the address to your own address to get the 25 bitcoins< Every transaction record of bitcoin from the beginning to now has been saved on the network. The whole bitcoin network maintains a huge transaction record file (about 12g now). The average update cycle of this file is 10 minutes. The newly added transaction record is called a block, and this huge file is composed of a series of blocks, called block chain.
Why are 25 bitcoins
this is the rule. At first, there are 50 bitcoins. For each half of the remaining bitcoins, the income will be halved. In this way, the total amount of bitcoins that can be generated will approach 21 million. If you still claim to have g up 50 bitcoins, it will not be accepted by other clients, and the block will be g up in vain
how to ensure that the average update cycle is 10 minutes
the smaller the target, the more difficult it is to solve X. for every 2016 blocks (about 14 days) generated, the network will adjust the target according to the average interval of new blocks generated ring this period
is it the fastest person who always solves it first
No. You always want to take the mining income as your own, so when everyone calculates, the address to send the mining income is different, so Merkle_ Root is different, that is to say, everyone starts to solve from a different initial state
how to solve it at the same time
there will be a fork in the block chain. Some clients accept a and some accept B. until a branch becomes longer, everyone will choose the longer branch. If what you dig is unfortunately not selected, your mining income will be invalid
since I choose a longer branch, how can I solve it with very low difficulty
the client finds the most difficult and longest branch among many branches
are these calculations wasted
if you want to spend a sum of money twice, you need to do so. Dig a new block, but hide not broadcast, and continue to mine. Find merchant a, pay bitcoin, and let others on the network dig the block and write the transaction record. Find merchant B, pay bitcoin, and write the block you g. If you can get two blocks first and broadcast them, everyone will take your longer branch as the current block chain, and the bitcoin received by merchant a will not be recognized. In this way, the probability of successful attack depends on the speed of hash calculation. If the computing power of the whole network is high enough, the success rate of such attacks is very low or the cost is very high.
hash value of previous block: prev_ Hash
the hash tree value of the transaction to be written: Merkle_ Root
update time: ntime
current difficulty: nbits
the process of mining is to find x to make
sha256 (version + prev)_ hash + merkle_ root + ntime + nbits + x )) < Target
the range of X in the above formula is 0 ~ 2 ^ 32, which can be calculated according to the current difficulty. In addition to x, you can also try to change Merkle_ Root and ntime. Because of the hash feature, finding such an X can only be brute force search
once you find x, you can broadcast a new block, and other clients will verify whether your block is legal. If your block is accepted, the first transaction in each block must be to send the newly generated 25 bitcoins to an address. Of course, you will set the address to your own address to get the 25 bitcoins< Every transaction record of bitcoin from the beginning to now has been saved on the network. The whole bitcoin network maintains a huge transaction record file (about 12g now). The average update cycle of this file is 10 minutes. The newly added transaction record is called a block, and this huge file is composed of a series of blocks, called block chain.
Why are 25 bitcoins
this is the rule. At first, there are 50 bitcoins. For each half of the remaining bitcoins, the income will be halved. In this way, the total amount of bitcoins that can be generated will approach 21 million. If you still claim to have g up 50 bitcoins, it will not be accepted by other clients, and the block will be g up in vain
how to ensure that the average update cycle is 10 minutes
the smaller the target, the more difficult it is to solve X. for every 2016 blocks (about 14 days) generated, the network will adjust the target according to the average interval of new blocks generated ring this period
is it the fastest person who always solves it first
No. You always want to take the mining income as your own, so when everyone calculates, the address to send the mining income is different, so Merkle_ Root is different, that is to say, everyone starts to solve from a different initial state
how to solve it at the same time
there will be a fork in the block chain. Some clients accept a and some accept B. until a branch becomes longer, everyone will choose the longer branch. If what you dig is unfortunately not selected, your mining income will be invalid
since I choose a longer branch, how can I solve it with very low difficulty
the client finds the most difficult and longest branch among many branches
are these calculations wasted
if you want to spend a sum of money twice, you need to do so. Dig a new block, but hide not broadcast, and continue to mine. Find merchant a, pay bitcoin, and let others on the network dig the block and write the transaction record. Find merchant B, pay bitcoin, and write the block you g. If you can get two blocks first and broadcast them, everyone will take your longer branch as the current block chain, and the bitcoin received by merchant a will not be recognized. In this way, the probability of successful attack depends on the speed of hash calculation. If the computing power of the whole network is high enough, the success rate of such attacks is very low or the cost is very high.
5. I also want to know your question. For the same question, I have worked out one. Doesn't it need to broadcast all over the network? Doesn't it need time to broadcast all over the network? What should we do if there is a conflict? Who decides the time? I see some information that it's a random choice. If it's a bifurcation, who will decide and merge? Looking forward to expert answers
6. Ors system is the abbreviation of online retail solution online mall system. It is a set of e-commerce solution integrating proct management, logistics management, payment management, customer relationship management, after-sales management, financial management, market management and online store system. It realizes the whole process information management of online retail.
7. I don't know how you are handed down from generation to generation, but my friend should know that he knows everything
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