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Bitcoin individual

Publish: 2021-05-23 12:21:17
1. As a blockchain researcher, many new people often ask this question. In fact, there are two main ways to obtain bitcoin. The first is to purchase bitcoin directly from the corresponding digital currency exchange; The second is to mine for bitcoin

first of all, mining is the main way to obtain bitcoin, but the current threshold of mining is relatively high. If you choose to mine by yourself, first you need to understand certain technology, then download the bitcoin client and mine by yourself according to the online bitcoin mining tutorial
however, in theory, bitcoin can still be mined with computers or graphics cards. However, e to the development of mining instry in recent years, the whole network computing power of bitcoin is extremely terrible (more than supercomputers), so if you want to mine with computers or graphics cards, you can't find bitcoin, If you want to dig bitcoin, you still need to buy mining machines. Now the better mainstream mining machines in the market have to be tens of thousands. Of course, there are cheap second-hand mining machines, but these second-hand mining machines are all obsolete ones, and the electricity cost of mining is relatively high

in addition to the second way of direct purchase, the digital currency exchange is a special place for bitcoin trading. If you want to own a bitcoin, you can buy it directly with money. However, it should be noted that there are many digital currency exchanges in the market at present. Many small exchanges are specialized in cutting users and eating customer losses for a living. Therefore, when choosing an exchange, it is better to focus on the head exchange. For example, Hufu exchange, one of the leading exchanges in China, has been in use for nearly two years and is still very stable and safe.
2.

You can't dig in a day. It takes 2000 years

the global unified computing difficulty of bitcoin is 2621404453 (expected to change in two days). It takes more than 2000 years for a 2.5GHz CPU to work out a bitcoin

in order to make the graphics card fully loaded for a long time, the power consumption will be quite high, and the electricity bill will be higher and higher. Many professional mines at home and abroad are operated in areas with extremely low electricity charges, such as hydropower stations, while more users can only mine at home or in ordinary mines, so the electricity charges are not cheap. Even in a certain residential area in Yunnan, there was a case of crazy mining, which led to a large area trip of the residential area, and the transformer was burned


extended data:

bitcoin network generates new bitcoin through "mining". In essence, the so-called "mining" is to use computers to solve a complex mathematical problem to ensure the consistency of bitcoin network distributed accounting system

bitcoin network will automatically adjust the difficulty of mathematical problems, so that the whole network can get a qualified answer about every 10 minutes. Then bitcoin network will generate a certain amount of bitcoin as block reward to reward the person who gets the answer

when bitcoin was born in 2009, block rewards were 50 bitcoins. Ten minutes after its birth, the first 50 bitcoins were generated, and the total amount of money at this time is 50. Then bitcoin grew at a rate of about 50 every 10 minutes. When the total amount reaches 10.5 million (50% of 21 million), the block reward will be halved to 25

when the total amount reaches 15.75 million (5.25 million new output, i.e. 50% of 1050), the block reward will be further halved to 12.5. The monetary system used to have no more than 10.5 million in four years, after which the total number will be permanently limited to about 21 million

3.

Let's start with a simple conclusion: a year ago, the data showed that there were about 500000 BTC

two American brothers, Cameron winkleworth and Taylor winkleworth, claiming that they owned 1% of bitcoin [1] 1% of the world's bitcoin? At present, the total amount of bitcoin in the world is about 12 million, that is to say, the two brothers hold about 120000 bitcoins< maybe you don't think it's worth much, but note that the starting price of bitcoin for these two people is less than $10 / bitcoin


Please note that entities are used instead of people. In the analysis method of this paper, bitcoin wallets that may belong to the same owner are divided into the same entity, which may be not only a person, but also a trading organization like Mt. GOx in addition, through the analysis of the most active entity table given in this paper, the income of the people with the most income (excluding expenses) is less than 700000 BTC. In other words, the person with the most bitcoin will hold no more than 700000 bitcoins. How many people in the world own bitcoins? The paper concludes that as of May 13, 2012, 1.85 million entities hold bitcoin. If we assume that bitcoin users have grown linearly since the advent of bitcoin (January 2009), the current number should be 2.5 million. Because the number of entities is counted on paper, the actual number of bitcoin holders should be a little less than this number, but not much smaller, because after all, there are not many large trading platforms

In addition to the above two problems, [3] also gives many interesting conclusions, such as:

< UL >
  • about 55% of bitcoin can be saved without money

  • in places like GOx mountain, almost all deals are small ones

  • before May 2012, almost all large single transactions (& gt; 50000 BTC) are subsequent transactions of 90000 BTC on November 8, 2011. There are very strange patterns in this long list of transactions. For example, an entity divides 90000 BTCs into different sizes, sends them back to itself three times, and then sells them on Mt. GOx. 90000 BTCs sold are sent back to the entity through 90 different bitcoin addresses, with 1000 bitcoins per address. These operations indicate that the entity appears to be trying to hide the relationship between these transactions

  • 4. On January 3, 2009, the author of the white paper, Nakamoto Tsung, was located on a small server in Helsinki, Finland. He personally created the first block, the creation block of bitcoin, and won the first 50 bitcoins automatically generated by the system. The first bitcoin came out

    bitcoin is a virtual encrypted digital currency in the form of P2P, and point-to-point transmission means a decentralized payment system.
    5. You need to keep your money for a long time

    you'd better not put it on the platform, policies, hackers, the platform itself, etc.

    there are many external and internal security risks

    you'd better put it in the cold wallet, absolutely safe
    and then the special hot wallet
    but you must not lose the key, and never recover it
    hope to adopt it
    6. Progress of Wu Ying case:
    February 13, 2007: Wu Ying was detained by criminal law
    Wu Ying, Zhejiang's "hundreds of millions of rich sisters in Dongyang", who had attracted attention at home and abroad for creating the myth of "overnight wealth", was recently detained by the Public Security Bureau of Dongyang City, Zhejiang Province. At present, Dongyang municipal government has started to check the assets and capital of Wu Ying's "Bense group". More than 700 employees of the group have been paid in advance by the municipal government, and the relevant disposal work is proceeding in an orderly manner
    March 16, 2007: Wu Ying was approved for arrest
    with the approval of Dongyang people's Procuratorate, Wu Ying, 26, chairman of Bense group, was arrested by Dongyang Public Security Bureau on March 16, Zhejiang Province after 37 days of criminal detention for suspected illegal absorption of public deposits< On February 25, 2008, Zhejiang court accepted the case of Wu Ying suspected of illegal fund-raising.
    the people's Court of Dongyang City, Zhejiang Province, has formally accepted the prosecution against Wu Ying and Bense Holding Group Co., Ltd., which were accused of illegally absorbing more than 700 million yuan of public deposits. At the same time, Lin Weiping and other seven people were prosecuted< December 18, 2009: Wu Ying was sentenced to death for fund-raising fraud in the first instance
    Jinhua intermediate people's court made a first instance judgment, sentenced the defendant Wu Ying to death for the crime of fund-raising fraud, deprived of political rights for life, and confiscated all his personal property
    December 28, 2009: Wu Ying filed an appeal against the death sentence of the first instance
    in the appeal petition, Wu Ying put forward five appeal reasons, believing that her behavior did not constitute the crime of fund-raising fraud, and hoped that the court of second instance could change the sentence according to law< On April 7, 2011, Wu Ying admitted the crime of illegally absorbing public deposits in the court of second instance
    Zhejiang Provincial Higher People's court held a court session in Jinhua intermediate people's court to conct the second instance of Wu Ying case. In the second instance, Wu Ying's defense lawyer still defended her innocence. Wu Ying pleaded guilty in court, admitting that she had been prosecuted by Dongyang City procuratorate for the crime of illegally raising public deposits< January 18, 2012: the second instance of Zhejiang Higher People's Court upheld Wu Ying's death sentence
    the higher people's Court of Zhejiang Province pronounced a sentence in the second instance of the Wu Ying case, ruled to reject the defendant Wu Ying's appeal, upheld the death sentence of the defendant Wu Ying, and submitted it to the Supreme People's court for review in accordance with the law< April 20, 2012: the Supreme People's court did not approve Wu Ying's death sentence and sent it back to Zhejiang high court for retrial
    after the Supreme People's court accepted the review case of the defendant Wu Ying's capital raising fraud death sentence, it formed a collegial panel according to law, reviewed all the file materials and interrogated the defendant, and now the review has been completed. On April 20, the Supreme People's court ruled in accordance with the law not to approve Wu Ying's death penalty and sent the case back to the higher people's Court of Zhejiang Province for retrial< May 21, 2012: Wu Ying's death sentence was changed to a reprieve in the retrial of the case of fund-raising fraud
    after the retrial, the Zhejiang Provincial Higher People's court made the final judgment on Wu Ying's case, sentenced the defendant Wu Ying to death for the crime of fund-raising fraud, suspended for two years, deprived of political rights for life, and confiscated all his personal property
    on June 5, 2014, the Dongyang municipal government took the lead in setting up a "Wu Ying case asset disposal group" with personnel from the court, public security, land, housing management, state owned assets, instry and commerce as members of the disposal group and vice mayor Chen Jun as leader. At the same time, five creditors, including Lin Weiping, were invited to set up a Wu Ying case asset disposal supervision group to supervise the whole process of asset disposal
    on July 23, 2014, Lin Wencai, Wu Ying's entrusted agent, applied to Dongyang municipal government for Chen Jun's withdrawal on the ground that Chen Jun had bribed Wu Ying for more than 100000 yuan before the accident
    on September 4, 2014, Dongyang Procuratorate of Zhejiang Province made a decision not to approve the arrest of Wu Yongzheng and Lin Wencai for the crime of false accusation and frame up. The criminal compulsory measure of the two persons was changed to l pending trial< Latest progress:

    on July 11, 2014, the commutation case of Wu Ying, Zhejiang's "hundred million rich sister", was tried in Zhejiang women's prison. The court ruled that Wu Ying's sentence was commuted from death sentence suspension to life imprisonment< On May 21, 2012, Wu Ying, the former legal representative of Zhejiang Bense Holding Group Co., Ltd., was sentenced to death by Zhejiang Provincial Higher People's Court (hereinafter referred to as Zhejiang Provincial High Court) with a two-year reprieve for the crime of fund-raising fraud< In order to determine whether Wu Ying meets the conditions of death sentence suspension and commutation stipulated in the eighth amendment to the criminal law, the court decided to hold a court session to hear her commutation case. According to the announcement (2014) zxzz No. 484 of Zhejiang Provincial High Court published by zhefa.com, the court session was held at 9:30 a.m. on July 11 in Zhejiang women's prison, and the trial method was open trial< According to the law, the death penalty is suspended. If there is no intentional crime ring the period of suspension of execution, it will be reced to life imprisonment after the expiration of the period. If there is a major meritorious performance, it will be reced to 25 years' imprisonment. If there is an intentional crime, the death penalty will be executed by the Supreme Court
    according to the final judgment, the value of Wu Ying's property seized is 170 million yuan. However, Wu Ying thinks that the appraisal conclusion is obviously on the low side and many assets are missing
    on February 20, 2013, Wu Ying's family submitted a criminal complaint to the Supreme People's court, demanding that the (2012) zhe Xing Er Chong Zi No. 1 criminal judgment made by the Zhejiang Provincial High People's court be annulled according to law, and that Wu Ying's assets can fully pay off her debts
    according to the relevant provisions of the criminal procere law, if the Zhejiang Provincial High Court accepts the above appeal and files a case, it should make a decision within 3-6 months. However, Zhu Jianwei said that the Zhejiang Provincial High Court has not yet made an acceptance reply to the complaint, but has not told it that it will not accept it, which is still pending, making it impossible for them to take the next action. There are still several administrative and civil proceedings in the Wu Ying case, but there is no progress at present
    on March 26, 2015, Wu Ying's lawyers Zhu Jianwei and LV Haibo went to Dongyang, Zhejiang province again. After discussing with Wu Ying's father Wu Yongzheng, they decided to submit a supplementary petition to Zhejiang Provincial High Court and other departments by express mail, which may usher in a new dawn for Wu Ying's case
    at the same time, in early March, the State Affairs Office of the CPC Central Committee issued the opinions on further standardizing the disposal of property involved in criminal proceedings, demanding to solve such prominent problems as unfair justice, corruption and perversion of the law in the process of disposal of property involved in criminal proceedings. Wu Ying's lawyers pointed out that there are many irregularities and even violations in the disposal of the assets involved in the case. They will urge the relevant parties to implement the spirit of the above documents.
    7. Brief introction: Hubei Institute of technology is a provincial undergraate university, which focuses on engineering, combines engineering with science, and harmonizes the development of engineering, science, economics, management, medicine, literature, ecation, arts and other disciplines. The school is located in Huangshi City, Hubei Province, one of the birthplaces of Chinese bronze culture. The transportation is very convenient. It is 50km away from Wuhan city. Wuhan Jiulong Railway runs through the city. Daguang, Huyu, Fuyin and hangrui expressways meet in the urban area, adjacent to the two main arteries of Beijing Guangzhou and Beijing Jiulong. The school is close to mountains and rivers, the campus layout is reasonable, and the environment is beautiful. In 2010, it passed the undergraate teaching qualification assessment of the Ministry of ecation. Since its establishment in 1975, the university has gone through the stages of inheritance and evolution, including Huangshi higher engineering class of Hubei higher ecation institutions, Huangshi branch of Wuhan Institute of Technology (now Wuhan University of Technology), Huangshi college, Huangshi Institute of technology established in 2004, and renamed Hubei Institute of technology in 2011. The school has 19 teaching colleges (departments), with more than 20000 full-time students and more than 8000 correspondence students. The campus covers an area of 2189 mu, with a building area of 545000 square meters, teaching and scientific research equipment worth 137.58 million yuan, 50 laboratories, 1.06 million books and 18 electronic resource databases (including more than 2 million kinds of electronic books). At present, there are 969 full-time teachers, including 89 with senior professional titles and 323 with deputy senior professional titles; There are 152 doctors and 465 masters; There are 43 part-time doctoral and master tutors. Among the on-the-job teachers, there are 2 candidates for the "Hundred Talents Program" in Hubei Province, 6 middle-aged and young experts with outstanding contributions in Hubei Province, 5 high-level talents in the new century in Hubei Province, 12 experts enjoying subsidies from the State Council and the provincial government, 7 lecture professors, keynote professors and Chutian students of the "Chutian scholar program" in Hubei Province, 5 experts with outstanding contributions in Huangshi City, and 12 candidates for the "Dongchu scholar program". The university has employed two academicians and more than 30 influential scholars as part-time professors from famous universities at home and abroad. The school has a complete range of disciplines, forming a multi-disciplinary coordinated development, cross penetration, and reasonable structure of the discipline system. Environmental Science and engineering, mechanical engineering, art theory and pharmacy are the key disciplines of Hubei Province ring the 12th Five Year Plan period, among which environmental science and engineering is the provincial key characteristic discipline. It has 47 undergraate majors, among which environmental engineering is the national characteristic major and the undergraate comprehensive reform pilot major, civil engineering, water supply and drainage science and engineering are the undergraate comprehensive reform pilot majors in Hubei Province, and clothing and clothing design, chemical engineering and technology are the undergraate programs of strategic emerging (pillar) instry talent training plan in Hubei Province. There are seven provincial excellent courses, five provincial experimental teaching demonstration centers (including one provincial key experimental teaching demonstration center), three provincial practice and training bases, and one provincial virtual simulation experimental teaching center. There are 1 provincial Collaborative Innovation Center, 2 provincial key laboratories, 2 key research bases of Humanities and Social Sciences in Colleges and universities of Hubei Province, 2 provincial engineering laboratories, 2 provincial proctivity promotion centers, 5 provincial outstanding young and middle-aged scientific and technological innovation teams, 1 provincial common technology promotion center for small and medium-sized enterprises, and 1 provincial environmental monitoring talent training base, 1 Provincial Intellectual Property training base. There are 1 national practical ecation base for college students, 1 innovative activity base for college students in Hubei Province, and 1 provincial service outsourcing talent training (training) base. It has 17 research institutes and 18 R & D centers with enterprises. It has undertaken more than 20 national level scientific research projects and more than 150 provincial and ministerial level projects. The school insists on seeking new support in serving the local areas and seeking new development in contributing to the local areas. It takes serving the local areas, contributing to the local areas and promoting the local economic and social development as its service orientation. Every year, the school enterprise and school local cooperation projects reach more than 130, and the cooperation project funds are nearly 20 million yuan. Taking talent cultivation as the fundamental task and talent quality as the lifeline, the University adheres to the principle of "facing the local, grassroots and enterprises", carries out in-depth ecation and teaching research, and explores a new mode of talent cultivation. Over the past decades, the school has been widely praised by employers and Society for its solid professional foundation, strong practical ability, good comprehensive quality, innovative spirit and strong social adaptability. Students have won many awards in national mathematical modeling, electronic design, mechanical innovation design, calligraphy, painting, Putonghua and English competitions, and won many honors such as "China Youth May 4th Medal" and "national women model". The graate entrance examination rate has been rising year after year, and the employment of graates has been rated as the advanced collective of Hubei Province for many times. The University attaches great importance to foreign exchange and cooperation, and has established stable academic exchange and cooperation relations with more than 20 universities and research institutions in Canada, the United States, France, New Zealand, Australia, South Korea, Hong Kong and other countries and regions. The school employs foreign experts and teachers to teach at school all the year round, and selects teachers to go abroad for further study. The number of students studying abroad is increasing. The school is a spiritual civilization unit in Hubei Province, an advanced university for Party Construction at the grass-roots level in Hubei Province, a safe campus in Hubei Province, an urban garden type unit in Hubei Province, an advanced collective funded by students in Hubei Province and an advanced unit for fire protection. It has won many honors such as the advanced Party committee central group and the advanced unit for propaganda and ideological work. The University adheres to the party's ecation policy, people-oriented, follows the law of higher ecation, adheres to the principle of quality, talent, characteristics, reputation and beauty, takes teaching as the center, scientific research as the guidance and support, reform and innovation as the driving force, serves the local economic and social development as the purpose, and follows the principle of "open school, rule-based, ecation oriented, characteristic development", In order to build the university into a high-level Local Application-oriented University, all teachers, students and staff adhere to the school motto of "moral, material, practical and practical", carry forward the science and engineering spirit of "hard work, self-improvement, dare to be the first, open and innovative".
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