Join bitcoin public chain
blockchain includes public blockchain, joint (instry) blockchain and private blockchain. Public chain point-to-point e-cash system: bitcoin, smart contract and decentralized application platform: Ethereum
blockchain is a new application mode of distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm and other computer technologies
blockchain is an important concept of bitcoin. In essence, it is a decentralized database. At the same time, as the underlying technology of bitcoin, it is a series of data blocks generated by using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains a batch of bitcoin network transaction information, Used to verify the validity of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block
extended data
according to the different degree of blockchain network centralization, three kinds of blockchains under different application scenarios are differentiated:
1. The blockchain with the whole network open and without user authorization mechanism is called public chain
2. The authorized nodes are allowed to join the network, and the information can be viewed according to the authority. It is often used in the inter agency blockchain, which is called alliance chain or instry chain
3. All the nodes in the network are in the hands of one organization, which is called private chain
alliance chain and private chain are also called licensing chain, and public chain is called non licensing chain
blockchain features
1, decentralization. Blockchain technology does not rely on additional third-party management institutions or hardware facilities, and there is no central control. In addition to the self-contained blockchain itself, each node realizes information self verification, transmission and management through distributed accounting and storage. Decentralization is the most prominent and essential feature of blockchain
2. Openness. Blockchain technology is based on open source. In addition to the private information of all parties involved in the transaction is encrypted, the data of blockchain is open to everyone. Anyone can query blockchain data and develop related applications through the open interface, so the information of the whole system is highly transparent
3. Independence. Based on consensus specifications and Protocols (similar to various mathematical algorithms such as hash algorithm used by bitcoin), the whole blockchain system does not rely on other third parties, and all nodes can automatically and safely verify and exchange data in the system without any human intervention
4. Safety. As long as 51% of all data nodes cannot be controlled, the network data cannot be arbitrarily manipulated and modified, which makes the blockchain itself relatively safe and avoids subjective and artificial data changes
5. Anonymity. Unless there are legal requirements, technically speaking, the identity information of each block node does not need to be disclosed or verified, and the information can be transferred anonymously
Public chain, also known as "public chain", refers to the blockchain that anyone in the world can enter the system at any time to read data, send confirmatory transactions and compete for bookkeeping. The public chain is generally considered to be "completely decentralized", because no indivial or institution can control or tamper with the reading and writing of data in it. In terms of application, blockchain public chain mainly includes bitcoin, Ethereum, super ledger, most counterfeit currencies and smart contracts. The ancestor of blockchain public chain is bitcoin blockchain, which has the following characteristics:
1, open source code
upload the code to GitHub, and everyone can get complete blockchain data by downloading, Accept the test of the public
2, complete decentralization
anyone can become a node, each node is open, everyone can participate in the calculation of the blockchain, any node is not permanent, but phased, and any center is not mandatory for nodes. Anyone can read and send transactions, and transactions can be effectively confirmed on the blockchain. Anyone can participate in the consensus process. The consensus process determines whether a block can be added to the blockchain and the exact current state. Everyone can get financial reward from it, which is proportional to their contribution to the consensus process. These public chains are generally considered to be "completely decentralized"
3. Developing decentralized applications
through this public chain, developers can easily develop centralized applications. Public chain can protect the rights and interests of users from the influence of program developers
in the bitcoin system, the number of bitcoins issued by each block decreases with time. Each block from Genesis block will issue 50 bitcoins to the bookkeeper of the block, and then the number of bitcoins issued by each block will be reced by half every four years (210000 blocks), and so on, until the number of bitcoins is stable at the upper limit of 21 million [19]. There will be a service charge in the process of bitcoin transaction. At present, the default service charge is one in ten thousand bitcoins, which will also be recorded in the block and rewarded to bookkeepers
with the soaring price of bitcoin, more and more people join the bitcoin mining instry. How long does it take to dig a bitcoin? How amazing is the power consumption of bitcoin mining machine? First of all, let's take a look at the "blockchain". The core principle of bitcoin is "blockchain". Each block corresponds to a bill. Linking all blocks is a blockchain. Any transaction information and transfer records are recorded in the blockchain. It should be noted that the blockchain exists in the whole Internet, so no bitcoin holder is worried about the loss of bitcoin
blockchain is probably such a structure. Let's explain it briefly. Taking the bitcoin blockchain as an example, the blockchain is not only bitcoin blockchain. As early as 2009, there was only one blockchain, bitcoin blockchain. In recent years, there have been other blockchains. In a moment, I will also introce the blockchain of Ethereum, or bitstock, as well as various blockchains. After the development of blockchain, Now it has entered the public chain and private chain. Just like bitcoin, the public chain is an account in the world. Bitcoin has only one blockchain in the world, which is owned in the world. Later, it developed to some financial institutions, which want to use blockchain to do things. It can't do things on a blockchain without national boundaries. Bitcoin blockchain is global, There is no sovereignty to manage it, no central organization to manage it, and almost no one can harm it. Not only hackers can't harm bitcoin blockchain, but also the government can't harm bitcoin blockchain.
bitcoin is regarded as the first generation application of blockchain technology and the most thorough application of its code testing. However, without bitcoin, there might not be so many people who knew about blockchain now. It can be said that bitcoin has greatly improved the "exposure" of blockchain technology
later, people graally found that the application value of blockchain is far more than bitcoin, but can be applied to many instries to solve the pain points of many instries; The idea of blockchain can also provide a lot of reference for the financial field, which is the real reason for the outbreak of blockchain.
Terminology in the field of information technology. In essence, it is a shared database. The data or information stored in it is characterized by "unforgeability", "trace in the whole process", "traceability", "openness and transparency" and "collective maintenance". Based on these characteristics, blockchain technology has laid a solid "trust" foundation, created a reliable "cooperation" mechanism, and has broad application prospects
blockchain originated from bitcoin. On November 1, 2008, a person who called himself Zhongben Cong published the article "bitcoin: a peer-to-peer e-cash system", which describes the framework concept of e-cash system based on P2P network technology, encryption technology, timestamp technology, blockchain technology, etc., which marks the birth of bitcoin
in recent years, the world's attitude towards bitcoin has gone up and down, but as one of the underlying technologies of bitcoin, blockchain technology has been paid more and more attention. In the process of bitcoin formation, blocks are storage units that record all the communication information of each block node in a certain period of time
each block is linked by random hash (also known as hash algorithm), and the latter block contains the hash value of the former block. With the expansion of information exchange, one block is connected with another block one after another, and the result is called blockchain
extended materials:
from the perspective of science and technology, blockchain involves many scientific and technological issues such as mathematics, cryptography, Internet and computer programming. From the perspective of application, in short, blockchain is a distributed shared ledger and database, which is decentralized, tamper proof, traceable, collective maintenance, open and transparent
blockchain is a new application mode of distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm and other computer technologies. Blockchain is an important concept of bitcoin, which is essentially a decentralized database, as well as the underlying technology of bitcoin
in fact, the word blockchain does not appear in the original English version of bitcoin white paper, but the word chain of blocks. In the earliest Chinese translation of bitcoin white paper, chain of blocks was translated into blockchain. This is the earliest time when the Chinese word "blockchain" appeared
2. The transaction information of bitcoin is recorded in a decentralized ledger, which is called blockchain
3. According to the principle of cryptography, each block is connected in chronological order to form a chain structure, so it is named blockchain.