World bitcoin bank

1. Germany
at the end of June 2013, after the German parliament decided that bitcoin would be tax-free if it was held for more than one year, bitcoin was recognized as a "unit of account" by the German Ministry of finance, which means that bitcoin has been regarded as a legal currency in Germany and can be used to pay taxes and engage in trade activities< In August 2013, judge Amos mazant of Texas District Court ruled in a case of bitcoin virtual hedge fund that bitcoin is a kind of currency and should be included in the scope of financial regulation
legal status
bitcoin can still be considered as legal at present. In the world, bitcoin can be regarded as a virtual commodity and protected by law; If bitcoin cannot be officially recognized as a kind of currency by law, it may bring inconvenience to the businesses and indivials who accept bitcoin in tax declaration, because the businesses who accept bitcoin will be regarded as barter transactions, and such transactions are more troublesome than ordinary transactions in tax declaration
at the same time, bitcoin, as a commodity highly similar to currency, needs to meet the demand of anti money laundering. Bitcoin needs to be included in the personal property declaration, banking anti money laundering system, anti insider trading, anti market manipulation and other systems in terms of transaction and possession. Bitcoin exchanges and storage institutions may also need government supervision and licensing. Some fast-growing bitcoin exchanges and payment service providers are actively exploring cooperation with regulatory agencies to bring bitcoin payment into the regulatory framework of anti money laundering and anti-terrorism financing by applying for licenses and actively communicating with regulatory authorities
in Europe, the European Central Bank published a report on "virtual currency architecture", and the French bitcoin trading platform obtained the PSP qualification. On December 6, 2012, the central bank wrote in the report: "this report is the first attempt to provide a basis for discussing the virtual currency system. While these systems may play an active role in financial innovation and in providing consumers with alternative means of payment, they also clearly create risks. " "Because of the small size of virtual currency systems, these risks do not affect anyone other than the users of these systems," the report added The report reviews the history of bitcoin and reviews its basic features, including currency and technical operation.

2.

according to foreign media reports, with the growing popularity of bitcoin, central bank governors around the world have also expressed their views on this digital currency

Federal Reserve Bank of the United States

in December last year, at the monetary policy meeting of the Federal Reserve Bank of the United States, Janet Yellen, chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, was asked what she thought of bitcoin

According to Yellen, this kind of digital currency is a "highly speculative asset" and "cannot be legal tender". She added that it "plays a negligible role in the payment system" and that it "is not a stable store of value."

"the Federal Reserve Bank will not make any policy on bitcoin. Instead, we will only ensure that the banking institutions we supervise pay close attention to digital currency and properly manage their interaction with traders in the market. Moreover, we will monitor whether these banking institutions have fulfilled their responsibilities to combat money laundering and ensure the safety of banks. " Yellen said

at the end of November last year, Jerome Powell, who will replace Yellen as chairman of the Federal Reserve in February this year, also expressed his views on cryptocurrency. Cryptocurrencies "don't matter now" because "they're not big enough," he said

According to Powell, the financial risk brought by digital currency to the financial market is minimal“ They're not big enough, they don't matter now. " He said

European Central Bank

in October last year, Mario Draghi, President of the European Central Bank, said that cryptocurrency was not "mature" enough for the central bank to regulate management

"for anything new, people are always full of expectations, but also feel very uncertain. Now, as far as bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies are concerned, we don't think they are mature enough for us to consider standardized management. " He said

Draghi pointed out that tools like bitcoin have both advantages and disadvantages, and we need to weigh them carefully

"a lesson of the great financial crisis is financial innovation. As far as bitcoin is concerned, it is a financial and technological innovation. We should pay close attention to its potential risks while paying attention to it. " He said

Bank of Canada

in December last year, Stephen poloz, President of the Bank of Canada, also spent some time discussing cryptocurrency. He claims that buying digital currency is a gamble, not an investment

"perhaps no one can say clearly what their real value is. One can at most say that buying digital currency is buying risk. This makes it closer to gambling than investment. " "For people who want to buy cryptocurrency, what I want to say is that you should read the collateral to make sure you know what you're investing in," boloz said

According to boloz, the demand for digital currency will increase in the future. He added that the Central Bank of Canada was studying whether to issue its own digital currency

"bank staff are studying the conditions under which the central bank is more suitable to issue its own digital currency for retail transactions." He said

Reserve Bank of Australia

in December last year, Reserve Bank of Australia President Philip Lowe talked about bitcoin in a speech. He pointed out that this kind of digital currency will not be used in daily payment activities, and it can not be accepted so soon

According to Lowe, the reason is that the price of bitcoin is extremely unstable, the number of payments that can be processed at the same time is limited, the transaction and electricity costs are too high, and the management is too difficult

moreover, when bitcoin is only used as a payment tool, it "is more likely to attract those who want to trade in black or illegal economic activities."

Bank of Japan

at the end of 2017, Haruhiko Kuroda, President of Bank of Japan, said the price fluctuation of bitcoin was "extremely abnormal"

when asked if there will be a bubble in bitcoin, he replied, "I may not be qualified to evaluate it, but if you look at its trend, you will see that its price fluctuation is very abnormal. If you want to ask whether bitcoin has the same function as money, that is, as a payment or settlement tool, then my answer is No

investment should be cautious and private letter from mining machinery is needed

3.

Bitcoin is a kind of electronic currency / network virtual currency

bitcoin: also known as "bitcoin", is a kind of network virtual currency. Internet users can use bitcoin to buy some virtual goods, such as clothes, hats, equipment, etc. in online games. Internet users can also use bitcoin to buy real goods

on February 26, 2014, Joe Manchin, a Democratic senator from West Virginia, issued an open letter to a number of regulatory authorities of the US federal government, hoping that the relevant authorities would pay attention to the status quo of bitcoin's encouraging illegal activities and disrupting the financial order, and demanded that actions be taken as soon as possible to completely ban the electronic currency

from 12:00 noon on January 24, 2017, China's three major bitcoin platforms officially began to collect transaction fees

extended data:

currency features:

1, decentralization: bitcoin is the first distributed virtual currency, the whole network is composed of users, and there is no central bank. Decentralization is the guarantee of bitcoin's security and freedom

2, global circulation: bitcoin can be managed on any computer connected to the Internet. No matter where you are, anyone can dig, buy, sell or collect bitcoin

3, exclusive ownership: private key is needed to control bitcoin, which can be stored in any storage medium in isolation. No one can get it except the user himself

4, low transaction cost: bitcoin can be remitted free of charge, but a transaction fee of about 1 bitfen will be charged for each transaction to ensure faster transaction execution

5, no hidden cost: as a means of payment from a to B, bitcoin has no cumbersome limit of quota and proceres. If you know the other party's bitcoin address, you can pay

6, cross platform Mining: users can explore the computing power of different hardware on many platforms

advantages of bitcoin:

1, it is completely decentralized, without issuing institutions, it is impossible to manipulate the number of issues. Its distribution and circulation are realized through open-source P2P algorithm

2, anonymity, tax exemption and supervision free

3, robustness. Bitcoin is completely dependent on P2P network and has no distribution center, so it cannot be shut down externally. Bitcoin price may fluctuate and collapse, and many governments may declare it illegal, but bitcoin and its huge P2P network will not disappear

4, borderless and cross-border. Cross border remittance will go through layers of exchange control agencies, and the transaction records will be recorded by many parties. But if you trade with bitcoin, enter the digital address directly, click the mouse and wait for the P2P network to confirm the transaction, a lot of money will pass. It does not go through any regulatory agencies and will not leave any cross-border transaction records

5, Shanzhai people are difficult to survive. Because bitcoin algorithm is completely open source, anyone can download the source code, modify some parameters, recompile, and create a new P2P currency

but these counterfeit currencies are very fragile and vulnerable to 51% attacks. Any indivial or organization, as long as it controls 51% of the computing power of a P2P currency network, can manipulate transactions and currency value at will, which will be a devastating blow to P2P currency

many counterfeit coins die in this link. The bitcoin network is robust enough. If you want to control 51% of the computing power of the bitcoin network, the number of CPUs / GPUs required will be astronomical

the weakness of bitcoin

1, the fragility of trading platform. The bitcoin network is robust, but the bitcoin trading platform is fragile. Trading platform is usually a website, which will be attacked by hackers or shut down by competent authorities

2, the transaction confirmation time is long. When bitcoin wallet is first installed, it will consume a lot of time to download historical transaction data blocks. While bitcoin transaction, in order to confirm the accuracy of data, it will take some time to interact with P2P network, and the transaction will be completed only after the whole network is confirmed

3, the price fluctuates greatly. Due to the intervention of a large number of speculators, the price of bitcoin for cash fluctuates like a roller coaster. Making bitcoin more suitable for speculation rather than anonymous trading

4, the public did not understand the principle, and the traditional financial practitioners resisted. Active netizens understand the principle of P2P network and know that bitcoin has no legal person to manipulate and control

but the public doesn't understand, and many people can't even distinguish between bitcoin and q-coin“ "No issuer" is the advantage of bitcoin, but in the view of traditional financial practitioners, "no issuer" currency is worthless

4.

Bitcoin is a kind of P2P digital currency

reasons for blocking:

1. Vulnerability of trading platform. The bitcoin network is robust, but the bitcoin trading platform is fragile. Trading platform is usually a website, which will be attacked by hackers or shut down by competent authorities

The transaction confirmation time is long. When bitcoin wallet is first installed, it will consume a lot of time to download historical transaction data blocks. While bitcoin transaction, in order to confirm the accuracy of data, it will take some time to interact with P2P network, and the transaction will be completed only after the whole network is confirmed

The price fluctuates greatly. Due to the intervention of a large number of speculators, the price of bitcoin for cash fluctuates like a roller coaster. Making bitcoin more suitable for speculation rather than anonymous trading

4. The public did not understand the principle, and the traditional financial practitioners resisted. Active netizens understand the principle of P2P network and know that bitcoin has no legal person to manipulate and control. But the public doesn't understand, and many people can't even tell the difference between bitcoin and q-coin“ "No issuer" is the advantage of bitcoin, but in the view of traditional financial practitioners, "no issuer" currency is worthless

extended materials:

the concept of bitcoin was first proposed by Nakamoto in 2009. According to Nakamoto's idea, the open source software was designed and released, and the P2P network on it was constructed. Bitcoin is a kind of P2P digital currency. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system

unlike most currencies, bitcoin does not rely on specific currency institutions. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on specific algorithms. Bitcoin economy uses the distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions, and uses the design of cryptography to ensure the security of all aspects of currency circulation

the decentralized feature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially control the value of bitcoin by mass manufacturing. The design based on cryptography can make bitcoin only be transferred or paid by the real owner

This also ensures the anonymity of money ownership and circulation transactions. The biggest difference between bitcoin and other virtual currencies is that the total amount of bitcoin is very limited and it has a strong scarcity. The monetary system used to have no more than 10.5 million in four years, after which the total number will be permanently limited to 21 million

bitcoin can be cashed and converted into the currency of most countries. Users can use bitcoin to buy some virtual items, such as clothes, hats and equipment in online games. As long as someone accepts it, they can also use bitcoin to buy real-life items

on February 26, 2014, Joe Manchin, a Democratic senator from West Virginia, issued an open letter to a number of regulatory authorities of the US federal government, hoping that the relevant authorities would pay attention to the status quo of bitcoin's encouraging illegal activities and disrupting the financial order, and demanded that actions be taken as soon as possible to completely ban the electronic currency

from 12:00 noon on January 24, 2017, China's three major bitcoin platforms officially began to collect transaction fees

5.

Bitcoin is purchased on BTCC global

purchase method

users can buy bitcoin, and at the same time, they can use the computer to "mine" bitcoin according to the algorithm. When users "mine" bitcoin, they need to use the computer to search for 64 bit numbers, and then compete with other gold miners by repeatedly solving puzzles to provide the required numbers for the bitcoin network. If the user's computer successfully creates a set of numbers, then they will get 25 bitcoins

extended data:

transaction mode

bitcoin address and private key appear in pairs, and their relationship is like bank card number and password. A bitcoin address is like a bank card number, which is used to record how much bitcoin is stored in the address

you can generate bitcoin address at will to store bitcoin. When each bitcoin address is generated, a corresponding private key of the address will be generated. This private key can prove ownership of the bitcoin at that address

we can simply understand the bitcoin address as the bank card number, and the private key of the address as the password of the corresponding bank card number. Only when you know the bank password can you use the money on the bank card number. Therefore, please keep the address and private key when using bitcoin wallet

6.

Let's start with a simple conclusion: a year ago, the data showed that there were about 500000 BTC

two American brothers, Cameron winkleworth and Taylor winkleworth, claiming that they owned 1% of bitcoin [1] 1% of the world's bitcoin? At present, the total amount of bitcoin in the world is about 12 million, that is to say, the two brothers hold about 120000 bitcoins< maybe you don't think it's worth much, but note that the starting price of bitcoin for these two people is less than $10 / bitcoin

Please note that entities are used instead of people. In the analysis method of this paper, bitcoin wallets that may belong to the same owner are divided into the same entity, which may be not only a person, but also a trading organization like Mt. GOx in addition, through the analysis of the most active entity table given in this paper, the income of the people with the most income (excluding expenses) is less than 700000 BTC. In other words, the person with the most bitcoin will hold no more than 700000 bitcoins. How many people in the world own bitcoins? The paper concludes that as of May 13, 2012, 1.85 million entities hold bitcoin. If we assume that bitcoin users have grown linearly since the advent of bitcoin (January 2009), the current number should be 2.5 million. Because the number of entities is counted on paper, the actual number of bitcoin holders should be a little less than this number, but not much smaller, because after all, there are not many large trading platforms

In addition to the above two problems, [3] also gives many interesting conclusions, such as:

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about 55% of bitcoin can be saved without money

in places like GOx mountain, almost all deals are small ones

before May 2012, almost all large single transactions (& gt; 50000 BTC) are subsequent transactions of 90000 BTC on November 8, 2011. There are very strange patterns in this long list of transactions. For example, an entity divides 90000 BTCs into different sizes, sends them back to itself three times, and then sells them on Mt. GOx. 90000 BTCs sold are sent back to the entity through 90 different bitcoin addresses, with 1000 bitcoins per address. These operations indicate that the entity appears to be trying to hide the relationship between these transactions