Introduction to bitcoin contract
Publish: 2021-05-16 22:54:30
1.
Novice first of all to know how to calculate your cost, recharge, trading, cash, there are fees. At least you can understand the K-line. There are a lot of people on the K-line. You can look at it casually and understand it. You need to be risk aware. bitcoin is a high-risk and high profit investment. It may double overnight, or BMW may become a bicycle overnight. At the beginning, we suggest a small amount of investment
but it's hard to get bitcoin for indivial mining, so it's basically large-scale mining, and you need to cooperate with the mine pool. So if you still want to make money by mining, at present, the most suitable mining method is cloud mining or mining machine hosting. After all, the era of single person mining is over
2. First of all, it's hard for indivials to get bitcoin by mining. Now it's all team and mine pool cooperation. The era of playing alone has passed. It's suggested that beginners play BTC from the most basic currency transaction and legal currency transaction. Celletf platform provides defi DAPP suitable for beginners. If you are interested, you can learn about it.
3. There are four common trading forms of bitcoin: spot, futures, options, ETF
1, spot trading
spot trading and stock trading are almost the same, buy low and sell high, earn the middle price difference! However, bitcoin is a T + 0 mode, trading anytime and anywhere, and there are no opening, closing, suspension and many other restrictions. It is open to trading 365 days a year
2. Futures trading is often referred to as contract trading. I believe most people can't resist the temptation of contracts. Contracts can be long and short, and can also be leveraged. The maximum support is 100 times, which indirectly magnifies the benefits and risks by 100 times, because human nature is inherently greedy. However, the difficulty coefficient of making money in the contract is high. Because bitcoin fluctuates greatly, it is possible to burst the position in an instant. Therefore, futures trading should be cautious
3. Option trading
the nature of option trading is the same as that of spot trading, i.e. expected call to buy up, expected put to buy down
since the nature of options and spot is the same, what is the difference between them? Simple comparison:
for example, bitoffer, the first bitcoin option in the world, has no margin, no handling charge and no exercise
(the only option in the world that doesn't need to exercise)
1. For spot, it costs US $7500 to buy a bitcoin
2. For option, it costs US $5 to buy a bitcoin option
when bitcoin rises from 7500 to US $8000, the spot earns us $500 and the option earns us $500
the benefits of the two are the same, but the cost difference is 1500 times
this is the case with options, which is the same as the spot calculation of profit space, except that you don't need to pay the full amount, just need to pay a little deposit Different from the traditional European options)
4. ETF fund trading
ETF is usually called trading open-end index fund, which is a very popular financial derivative in the traditional financial market. Bitoffer's launch of bitcoin ETF fund increases the fixed leverage on the original basis, because there are a certain number of futures contract positions behind the proct
What's the difference between bitcoin ETF and spot< In this year's bitcoin proction rection, in theory, X2
2. Mining machinery needs to be upgraded, in theory, X2
3. The current price of bitcoin is 7500x4 = US $30000 (expected price after next year's proction rection)
ring this period, the return comparison between holding spot money and ETF fund is as follows:
1, Up to 15 times (compound interest calculation)
there is no doubt that bitcoin ETF is the best investment choice!
1, spot trading
spot trading and stock trading are almost the same, buy low and sell high, earn the middle price difference! However, bitcoin is a T + 0 mode, trading anytime and anywhere, and there are no opening, closing, suspension and many other restrictions. It is open to trading 365 days a year
2. Futures trading is often referred to as contract trading. I believe most people can't resist the temptation of contracts. Contracts can be long and short, and can also be leveraged. The maximum support is 100 times, which indirectly magnifies the benefits and risks by 100 times, because human nature is inherently greedy. However, the difficulty coefficient of making money in the contract is high. Because bitcoin fluctuates greatly, it is possible to burst the position in an instant. Therefore, futures trading should be cautious
3. Option trading
the nature of option trading is the same as that of spot trading, i.e. expected call to buy up, expected put to buy down
since the nature of options and spot is the same, what is the difference between them? Simple comparison:
for example, bitoffer, the first bitcoin option in the world, has no margin, no handling charge and no exercise
(the only option in the world that doesn't need to exercise)
1. For spot, it costs US $7500 to buy a bitcoin
2. For option, it costs US $5 to buy a bitcoin option
when bitcoin rises from 7500 to US $8000, the spot earns us $500 and the option earns us $500
the benefits of the two are the same, but the cost difference is 1500 times
this is the case with options, which is the same as the spot calculation of profit space, except that you don't need to pay the full amount, just need to pay a little deposit Different from the traditional European options)
4. ETF fund trading
ETF is usually called trading open-end index fund, which is a very popular financial derivative in the traditional financial market. Bitoffer's launch of bitcoin ETF fund increases the fixed leverage on the original basis, because there are a certain number of futures contract positions behind the proct
What's the difference between bitcoin ETF and spot< In this year's bitcoin proction rection, in theory, X2
2. Mining machinery needs to be upgraded, in theory, X2
3. The current price of bitcoin is 7500x4 = US $30000 (expected price after next year's proction rection)
ring this period, the return comparison between holding spot money and ETF fund is as follows:
1, Up to 15 times (compound interest calculation)
there is no doubt that bitcoin ETF is the best investment choice!
4. The concept of bitcoin was first proposed by Nakamoto in 2009. According to Nakamoto's idea, open source software was designed and released, and P2P network was built on it. Bitcoin is a kind of P2P digital currency. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system
unlike most currencies, bitcoin does not rely on specific currency institutions. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on specific algorithms. Bitcoin economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions, and uses cryptography design to ensure the security of all aspects of currency circulation. The decentralized nature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially manipulate the value of bitcoin through mass proction. The design based on cryptography can make bitcoin only be transferred or paid by the real owner. This also ensures the anonymity of money ownership and circulation transactions. The biggest difference between bitcoin and other virtual currencies is that the total amount of bitcoin is very limited and it has a strong scarcity. The monetary system used to have no more than 10.5 million in four years, after which the total number will be permanently limited to 21 million
bitcoin can be cashed and converted into the currency of most countries. Users can use bitcoin to buy some virtual items, such as clothes, hats and equipment in online games. As long as someone accepts it, they can also use bitcoin to buy real-life items[ 1-2]
on February 26, 2014, Joe Manchin, a Democratic senator from West Virginia, issued an open letter to a number of regulatory authorities of the US federal government, hoping that the relevant institutions would pay attention to the status quo of bitcoin's encouraging illegal activities and disrupting the financial order, and take action as soon as possible to completely ban the electronic currency[ 3]
from 12:00 noon on January 24, 2017, China's three major bitcoin platforms officially began to collect transaction fees[ 4]
unlike most currencies, bitcoin does not rely on specific currency institutions. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on specific algorithms. Bitcoin economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions, and uses cryptography design to ensure the security of all aspects of currency circulation. The decentralized nature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially manipulate the value of bitcoin through mass proction. The design based on cryptography can make bitcoin only be transferred or paid by the real owner. This also ensures the anonymity of money ownership and circulation transactions. The biggest difference between bitcoin and other virtual currencies is that the total amount of bitcoin is very limited and it has a strong scarcity. The monetary system used to have no more than 10.5 million in four years, after which the total number will be permanently limited to 21 million
bitcoin can be cashed and converted into the currency of most countries. Users can use bitcoin to buy some virtual items, such as clothes, hats and equipment in online games. As long as someone accepts it, they can also use bitcoin to buy real-life items[ 1-2]
on February 26, 2014, Joe Manchin, a Democratic senator from West Virginia, issued an open letter to a number of regulatory authorities of the US federal government, hoping that the relevant institutions would pay attention to the status quo of bitcoin's encouraging illegal activities and disrupting the financial order, and take action as soon as possible to completely ban the electronic currency[ 3]
from 12:00 noon on January 24, 2017, China's three major bitcoin platforms officially began to collect transaction fees[ 4]
5. Cryptocurrency (English: cryptocurrency, often used in the plural cryptocurrency, also translated as cryptocurrency, cryptocurrency) is a kind of transaction medium that uses the principles of cryptography to ensure the security of transactions and control the creation of transaction units. Cryptocurrency is a kind of digital currency (or virtual currency). Bitcoin became the first decentralised cryptocurrency in 2009, after which the term cryptocurrency mostly refers to such designs. Since then, several similar cryptocurrencies have been created, commonly known as altcoins. Cryptocurrency is based on the consensus mechanism of decentralization, which is opposite to the banking and financial system relying on the centralized regulatory system
the nature of decentralization comes from the blockchain technology using distributed ledger<
Chinese name
cryptocurrency
foreign name
cryptocurrency
domain
blockchain
fast
navigation
national digital currency blockchain refer to
cryptocurrency other than bitcoin
cryptocurrency other than bitcoin, also known as Shanzhai currency and competitive currency (English: altcoin), part of which is generated by referring to bitcoin ideas, principles and source code, Virtual currency similar to bitcoin has more than 800 cryptocurrencies in circulation
from February to April 2017, the proportion of Shanzhai currency in the total cryptocurrency market value increased from 15% to nearly 40%
because bitcoin itself does not have an authoritative issuing institution and state power to maintain its authority and uniqueness, bitcoin and its imitators can only get along equally, although it is the earliest virtual currency, also the most famous and popular
the nature of decentralization comes from the blockchain technology using distributed ledger<
Chinese name
cryptocurrency
foreign name
cryptocurrency
domain
blockchain
fast
navigation
national digital currency blockchain refer to
cryptocurrency other than bitcoin
cryptocurrency other than bitcoin, also known as Shanzhai currency and competitive currency (English: altcoin), part of which is generated by referring to bitcoin ideas, principles and source code, Virtual currency similar to bitcoin has more than 800 cryptocurrencies in circulation
from February to April 2017, the proportion of Shanzhai currency in the total cryptocurrency market value increased from 15% to nearly 40%
because bitcoin itself does not have an authoritative issuing institution and state power to maintain its authority and uniqueness, bitcoin and its imitators can only get along equally, although it is the earliest virtual currency, also the most famous and popular
6. The formation of the solar system is closely related to the evolution of the sun itself. The formation of the sun goes through three periods and five processes, namely the nebula period, the variable star period and the main sequence star period. The five processes are condensation contraction process, fast gravitational contraction process, slow gravitational contraction process, flare up process and hydrogen combustion process, The formation of planets is only a by-proct of the evolution of the sun, that is, the sun evolved to a certain stage before the formation of planets and satellites and other celestial bodies. This is a very complicated evolutionary process, with regularity, particularity and contingency. This paper only briefly describes the formation process of the solar system, without theoretical derivation and complicated mathematical calculation, but only gives the calculation results
ring the nebular period (including condensation contraction and fast gravitational contraction), the solar system was a part of the Milky way, 25000 light-years away from the galactic center. Near the Orion spiral arm, the sun led her family to rotate around the galactic center at a speed of 250 km / s, with a cycle of about 200 million years. Several billion years ago, the original nebula of the solar system was at this position. It has an initial velocity and a certain temperature (not high temperature). The diameter of the nebula is about 3000 astronomical units. In fact, the nebula has no obvious boundary. It is a diffuse hydrogen cluster with a low density of about 10.17 g / cm3, and its mass is 1.5-2 times that of the sun, The temperature is below 300K, with rotation, but it is very slow, almost synchronous with the revolution. The main composition of the nebula is hydrogen, accounting for 71%, followed by helium, accounting for 27%, and other elements, accounting for 2%. This includes heavy elements and metallic materials flying from supernova explosion, as well as volatile substances and st. When the solar system primitive Nebula revolves around the center of the galaxy, it has angular momentum at the beginning. In the process of condensation and contraction, its rotation speeds up, so that its rotation is no longer synchronized with the revolution. Because the distance between the inner and outer sides of the nebula and the galactic center is different, it forms a velocity gradient when it makes Kepler motion around the galactic center, which is fast inside and slow outside, resulting in poor rotation, As the nebula continues to condense and contract slowly, the rotation speed of the vortex graally accelerates, and a large amount of material begins to converge to the center of the vortex, resulting in the increase of material density and gravity in the central region, forming the central gravitational region, As a result, the matter spins to the center under the action of gravity, and the condensation contraction of the nebula is graally replaced by the gravitational contraction. At this time, the nebula has shrunk from the original 3000 astronomical units to 70 astronomical units. After several billion years, the temperature of the nebula has dropped to tens of K, the material loss is large, and part of the material has escaped to the space
with the enhancement of the central gravitational region of the nebula, the matter spins down to the center, forming the nebula collapse and entering the fast gravitational contraction process. In the interior of the nebula, the matter falls rapidly from all directions along the direction of the vortex to the center, forming spiral material flow of different thickness. The nebula is also graally flattened, forming a wide brimmed cap like disk. The spiral material flow graally evolves into four spiral arms. As long as the angular momentum is not enough, it will not form a ring, only a spiral arm. From the front, it looks like a shrinking galaxy, forming a vortex structure. From the side, it looks like ngc4594 (M104). It shrinks unrestricted in the direction parallel to the total angular momentum axis, and collapses rapidly. The increased gravitational potential energy is transformed into the internal energy of matter, while the contraction is restricted in the equatorial plane. This is because the centrifugal acceleration weakens the gravity and makes the contraction slow, When the inner arm shrinks to 5.2 astronomical units from the center, the rotational speed graally reaches 13.1 km / s. The centrifugal force generated by rotation is in balance with the gravity in the center, and the arm stays at this position and does not shrink, However, the matter in the central region continues to contract rapidly, the central region and the spiral arms break, and the central region continues to contract to form the protosun, which accounts for 99.8% of the total mass of the astrological cloud, while the mass of the four spiral arms is less than 0.2%. At this time, the protosun still has a strong gravitational effect on the spiral arms, and the spiral arms also have a restraining effect on the protosun. The rotation of the protosun is delayed, and the rotation speed graally slows down, When the angular momentum of the original sun is transferred to the spiral arm again, the matter on the spiral arm will continue to spin down to the center as long as the angular momentum is insufficient, but it can not go down again when it reaches the inner spiral arm. Therefore, the matter in the inner spiral arm accumulates more and more, while that in the outer spiral arm decreases relatively. When the four rotating arms reach Kepler orbital velocity one by one, they evolve into four circular rings. The circular rings are distributed according to the Titus Peter rule, and their angular momentum accounts for 99.5% of the total angular momentum of the star cloud in the orbital positions of wood, earth, sky and sea, respectively. This is the reason why the angular momentum distribution of the solar system is peculiar. The Laplacian ring formed in this way does not have the difficulty of insufficient angular momentum. The central region collapses into the original sun, the density of matter increases, the collision between molecules is frequent, and the internal pressure graally increases, which makes the matter in the core squeeze together to form the star core and release a lot of energy. With the increase of central temperature, the increased heat energy spreads outward through convection, and the star presents a slightly exothermic state, The whole nebula is similar to Orion KL infrared source. The rapid gravitational contraction process in the nebular period lasted for a short time, about thousands of years. We often say that the sun has a history of 5 billion years, probably from then on
variable star period (including slow gravitational contraction process and flare process): after the formation of four circular rings, most of the mass of the nebula is concentrated in the range of 1% astronomical units in the central region, resulting in the increase of material density, more frequent intermolecular collisions, higher temperature and higher pressure. When the internal radiation pressure and self attraction are nearly equal, the quasi fluid equilibrium appears. The star no longer shrinks or only shrinks in tiny pulsations. The prototype of the sun is basically formed. The center is a fast rotating solid star core, the outer core is the radiation region, and then to the surface is the troposphere. The protosun graally turns into a slow gravitational contraction process
the motion of matter inside the protosun is very complex. Because matter is a gaseous fluid, which is very different from a rigid body, there are many complex motion states in the rotation. Due to the action of inertial centrifugal force, equatorial matter tends to be flat. The matter at the two poles must flow towards the equator, and the matter at the poles decreases, but the role of gravity is to maintain the spherical level, Therefore, there must be material flowing to the two poles to make up for the lack of material there. As a result, eddy currents with different directions of rotation are formed on both sides of the equator, and graally approach the equator with the flow of material. This is the famous butterfly diagram. This state has been maintained until now, such as sunspot movement. With the interaction of matter convection and rotation, angular momentum transfers to the equator, resulting in the poor rotation of stars. The increasing of high density, high pressure and high temperature in the core disturbs the heat balance gradient, and the kinetic energy and heat are transferred outward through the mixing length. The lower temperature material sinks to form convection and develops into turbulence from inside to outside. When the central temperature rises to 2000K, hydrogen can not maintain the molecular state, but becomes an atom, and absorbs a lot of heat energy, which makes the pressure drop suddenly and can not resist the gravity. The central region collapses into a smaller and denser core, and proces strong radio radiation, which can pass through the rarefied part of the star and reach the surface of the star, thus forming some bright bars, This is the H-H object
there is not only heat energy proced by high-speed moving molecules, but also electromagnetic energy released at the atomic level inside the star. The core temperature is higher. Although the rotation of the star slows down, the star core still spins rapidly, and the plasma near the core region also spins rapidly. The star magnetic field is generated, and the magnetic lines of force pass out from near the two poles. At this time, the star proces radio radiation, The internal heat energy is continuously transmitted to the surface, and the surface temperature can reach 1000K, and emit red light. This kind of energy is transmitted from time to time, and the surface temperature will fluctuate from high to low, and the magnitude of stars will vary from large to small. Sometimes, when the energy accumulates to a certain extent, it will erupt violently and throw out matter. Within a few days, the magnitude can rise by 5 or 6 levels. This period is equivalent to Taurus T-shaped week or similar to Cetus uv-shaped week, which is the process of flare
the temperature in the central region of the protosun graally rises. When it reaches 800000 K, hydrogen is ignited and nuclear fusion occurs. First of all, hydrogen and deuterium fuse into a helium nucleus, procing photons and releasing a large amount of nuclear energy. If the energy suddenly increases by a thousand times, it will proce violent eruption, and the brightness of the star will suddenly increase by many times. This is the flare or Nova explosion, and the protosun enters the process of flare, During this period, there were several violent eruptions, releasing a lot of energy and ejecting material, and taking away part of angular momentum. There were four relatively large eruptions. Because the mass of the sun is not too large, there will be no more comprehensive eruption, just a local eruption
the eruption starts from the nuclear reaction zone inside the star, where the core spins very fast, reaching hundreds of kilometers per second. Matter has extremely high energy, so the ejecta is high temperature and high speed. The mass of the first ejecta is about 3 parts per million of the mass of the sun. The temperature is more than 10000 degrees, and the ejecting speed is as high as 616.5 kilometers per second. It is in a molten semi fluid state, spinning at a high speed, and decelerating while cooling when flying away from the original sun, When it reaches the current Venus orbit, its speed is just in sync with Kepler's, it will stay in orbit and orbit around the original sun. Only a few decades later, the protosun erupted for the second time. The ejecta was slightly more than the previous one. It was still in a high-temperature melting state, spinning at a high speed, and its initial velocity was slightly higher than the previous one. When it entered the current earth orbit, it would orbit the protosun. Hundreds of years later, the protosun erupted again for the third time. At this time, the temperature of the star's nucleus further increased, reaching 3 million degrees. Nuclear reactions such as deuterium, lithium, beryllium and boron took place, releasing more energy. The ejected material was not as much as the first two times, but the initial velocity was higher. The largest mass entered the current Mars orbit, and more fragments were scattered between the orbits of Jupiter and Mars, After three eruptions, the protosun was in a state of temporary rest for thousands of years, but the central temperature of the star continued to rise. When it reached 7 million degrees, the protons proton reaction of tetrahydrofusion helium took place, releasing a large number of photons and energy. The protosun erupted violently for the fourth time. This time, the mass of the eruptions was 2% of the sun's mass, and the initial velocity was higher than that of the previous three times, So flying further, a larger ejecta impacts on the edge of Uranus, and the splashed material fragments reach the orbit of Neptune. More fragments are all over the space of the solar system, and some fly out of the outer side of Neptune. At this time, the surface temperature of the original sun rises to thousands of degrees, and it emits heat and light. A shining star is about to be born. The protosun is about 400 million years old in the period of variable stars
ring the main sequence star period (including hydrogen combustion and helium combustion), the protosun graally stabilized after several flares, entered the hydrogen combustion process and released nuclear energy. The temperature of the nuclear reaction zone in the center of the star's core can reach 15 million degrees, and the nuclear reaction appeared carbon nitrogen cycle reaction, but the temperature was high
ring the nebular period (including condensation contraction and fast gravitational contraction), the solar system was a part of the Milky way, 25000 light-years away from the galactic center. Near the Orion spiral arm, the sun led her family to rotate around the galactic center at a speed of 250 km / s, with a cycle of about 200 million years. Several billion years ago, the original nebula of the solar system was at this position. It has an initial velocity and a certain temperature (not high temperature). The diameter of the nebula is about 3000 astronomical units. In fact, the nebula has no obvious boundary. It is a diffuse hydrogen cluster with a low density of about 10.17 g / cm3, and its mass is 1.5-2 times that of the sun, The temperature is below 300K, with rotation, but it is very slow, almost synchronous with the revolution. The main composition of the nebula is hydrogen, accounting for 71%, followed by helium, accounting for 27%, and other elements, accounting for 2%. This includes heavy elements and metallic materials flying from supernova explosion, as well as volatile substances and st. When the solar system primitive Nebula revolves around the center of the galaxy, it has angular momentum at the beginning. In the process of condensation and contraction, its rotation speeds up, so that its rotation is no longer synchronized with the revolution. Because the distance between the inner and outer sides of the nebula and the galactic center is different, it forms a velocity gradient when it makes Kepler motion around the galactic center, which is fast inside and slow outside, resulting in poor rotation, As the nebula continues to condense and contract slowly, the rotation speed of the vortex graally accelerates, and a large amount of material begins to converge to the center of the vortex, resulting in the increase of material density and gravity in the central region, forming the central gravitational region, As a result, the matter spins to the center under the action of gravity, and the condensation contraction of the nebula is graally replaced by the gravitational contraction. At this time, the nebula has shrunk from the original 3000 astronomical units to 70 astronomical units. After several billion years, the temperature of the nebula has dropped to tens of K, the material loss is large, and part of the material has escaped to the space
with the enhancement of the central gravitational region of the nebula, the matter spins down to the center, forming the nebula collapse and entering the fast gravitational contraction process. In the interior of the nebula, the matter falls rapidly from all directions along the direction of the vortex to the center, forming spiral material flow of different thickness. The nebula is also graally flattened, forming a wide brimmed cap like disk. The spiral material flow graally evolves into four spiral arms. As long as the angular momentum is not enough, it will not form a ring, only a spiral arm. From the front, it looks like a shrinking galaxy, forming a vortex structure. From the side, it looks like ngc4594 (M104). It shrinks unrestricted in the direction parallel to the total angular momentum axis, and collapses rapidly. The increased gravitational potential energy is transformed into the internal energy of matter, while the contraction is restricted in the equatorial plane. This is because the centrifugal acceleration weakens the gravity and makes the contraction slow, When the inner arm shrinks to 5.2 astronomical units from the center, the rotational speed graally reaches 13.1 km / s. The centrifugal force generated by rotation is in balance with the gravity in the center, and the arm stays at this position and does not shrink, However, the matter in the central region continues to contract rapidly, the central region and the spiral arms break, and the central region continues to contract to form the protosun, which accounts for 99.8% of the total mass of the astrological cloud, while the mass of the four spiral arms is less than 0.2%. At this time, the protosun still has a strong gravitational effect on the spiral arms, and the spiral arms also have a restraining effect on the protosun. The rotation of the protosun is delayed, and the rotation speed graally slows down, When the angular momentum of the original sun is transferred to the spiral arm again, the matter on the spiral arm will continue to spin down to the center as long as the angular momentum is insufficient, but it can not go down again when it reaches the inner spiral arm. Therefore, the matter in the inner spiral arm accumulates more and more, while that in the outer spiral arm decreases relatively. When the four rotating arms reach Kepler orbital velocity one by one, they evolve into four circular rings. The circular rings are distributed according to the Titus Peter rule, and their angular momentum accounts for 99.5% of the total angular momentum of the star cloud in the orbital positions of wood, earth, sky and sea, respectively. This is the reason why the angular momentum distribution of the solar system is peculiar. The Laplacian ring formed in this way does not have the difficulty of insufficient angular momentum. The central region collapses into the original sun, the density of matter increases, the collision between molecules is frequent, and the internal pressure graally increases, which makes the matter in the core squeeze together to form the star core and release a lot of energy. With the increase of central temperature, the increased heat energy spreads outward through convection, and the star presents a slightly exothermic state, The whole nebula is similar to Orion KL infrared source. The rapid gravitational contraction process in the nebular period lasted for a short time, about thousands of years. We often say that the sun has a history of 5 billion years, probably from then on
variable star period (including slow gravitational contraction process and flare process): after the formation of four circular rings, most of the mass of the nebula is concentrated in the range of 1% astronomical units in the central region, resulting in the increase of material density, more frequent intermolecular collisions, higher temperature and higher pressure. When the internal radiation pressure and self attraction are nearly equal, the quasi fluid equilibrium appears. The star no longer shrinks or only shrinks in tiny pulsations. The prototype of the sun is basically formed. The center is a fast rotating solid star core, the outer core is the radiation region, and then to the surface is the troposphere. The protosun graally turns into a slow gravitational contraction process
the motion of matter inside the protosun is very complex. Because matter is a gaseous fluid, which is very different from a rigid body, there are many complex motion states in the rotation. Due to the action of inertial centrifugal force, equatorial matter tends to be flat. The matter at the two poles must flow towards the equator, and the matter at the poles decreases, but the role of gravity is to maintain the spherical level, Therefore, there must be material flowing to the two poles to make up for the lack of material there. As a result, eddy currents with different directions of rotation are formed on both sides of the equator, and graally approach the equator with the flow of material. This is the famous butterfly diagram. This state has been maintained until now, such as sunspot movement. With the interaction of matter convection and rotation, angular momentum transfers to the equator, resulting in the poor rotation of stars. The increasing of high density, high pressure and high temperature in the core disturbs the heat balance gradient, and the kinetic energy and heat are transferred outward through the mixing length. The lower temperature material sinks to form convection and develops into turbulence from inside to outside. When the central temperature rises to 2000K, hydrogen can not maintain the molecular state, but becomes an atom, and absorbs a lot of heat energy, which makes the pressure drop suddenly and can not resist the gravity. The central region collapses into a smaller and denser core, and proces strong radio radiation, which can pass through the rarefied part of the star and reach the surface of the star, thus forming some bright bars, This is the H-H object
there is not only heat energy proced by high-speed moving molecules, but also electromagnetic energy released at the atomic level inside the star. The core temperature is higher. Although the rotation of the star slows down, the star core still spins rapidly, and the plasma near the core region also spins rapidly. The star magnetic field is generated, and the magnetic lines of force pass out from near the two poles. At this time, the star proces radio radiation, The internal heat energy is continuously transmitted to the surface, and the surface temperature can reach 1000K, and emit red light. This kind of energy is transmitted from time to time, and the surface temperature will fluctuate from high to low, and the magnitude of stars will vary from large to small. Sometimes, when the energy accumulates to a certain extent, it will erupt violently and throw out matter. Within a few days, the magnitude can rise by 5 or 6 levels. This period is equivalent to Taurus T-shaped week or similar to Cetus uv-shaped week, which is the process of flare
the temperature in the central region of the protosun graally rises. When it reaches 800000 K, hydrogen is ignited and nuclear fusion occurs. First of all, hydrogen and deuterium fuse into a helium nucleus, procing photons and releasing a large amount of nuclear energy. If the energy suddenly increases by a thousand times, it will proce violent eruption, and the brightness of the star will suddenly increase by many times. This is the flare or Nova explosion, and the protosun enters the process of flare, During this period, there were several violent eruptions, releasing a lot of energy and ejecting material, and taking away part of angular momentum. There were four relatively large eruptions. Because the mass of the sun is not too large, there will be no more comprehensive eruption, just a local eruption
the eruption starts from the nuclear reaction zone inside the star, where the core spins very fast, reaching hundreds of kilometers per second. Matter has extremely high energy, so the ejecta is high temperature and high speed. The mass of the first ejecta is about 3 parts per million of the mass of the sun. The temperature is more than 10000 degrees, and the ejecting speed is as high as 616.5 kilometers per second. It is in a molten semi fluid state, spinning at a high speed, and decelerating while cooling when flying away from the original sun, When it reaches the current Venus orbit, its speed is just in sync with Kepler's, it will stay in orbit and orbit around the original sun. Only a few decades later, the protosun erupted for the second time. The ejecta was slightly more than the previous one. It was still in a high-temperature melting state, spinning at a high speed, and its initial velocity was slightly higher than the previous one. When it entered the current earth orbit, it would orbit the protosun. Hundreds of years later, the protosun erupted again for the third time. At this time, the temperature of the star's nucleus further increased, reaching 3 million degrees. Nuclear reactions such as deuterium, lithium, beryllium and boron took place, releasing more energy. The ejected material was not as much as the first two times, but the initial velocity was higher. The largest mass entered the current Mars orbit, and more fragments were scattered between the orbits of Jupiter and Mars, After three eruptions, the protosun was in a state of temporary rest for thousands of years, but the central temperature of the star continued to rise. When it reached 7 million degrees, the protons proton reaction of tetrahydrofusion helium took place, releasing a large number of photons and energy. The protosun erupted violently for the fourth time. This time, the mass of the eruptions was 2% of the sun's mass, and the initial velocity was higher than that of the previous three times, So flying further, a larger ejecta impacts on the edge of Uranus, and the splashed material fragments reach the orbit of Neptune. More fragments are all over the space of the solar system, and some fly out of the outer side of Neptune. At this time, the surface temperature of the original sun rises to thousands of degrees, and it emits heat and light. A shining star is about to be born. The protosun is about 400 million years old in the period of variable stars
ring the main sequence star period (including hydrogen combustion and helium combustion), the protosun graally stabilized after several flares, entered the hydrogen combustion process and released nuclear energy. The temperature of the nuclear reaction zone in the center of the star's core can reach 15 million degrees, and the nuclear reaction appeared carbon nitrogen cycle reaction, but the temperature was high
7. There are too many swindlers now. Don't believe anything without authentication. There are so many tricks in the world. You can't submit your ID card and bank card at the same time. Unless you operate by yourself, you don't provide anything for the current network hacker, and the money of your bank card is still missing. Besides, you have so many certificates. Wake up and don't think about the pie falling from the sky, Working hard to earn money is the right way.
8. It is suggested that the main topic should be built on the server abroad to avoid the policy. This is OK, even if it is found, it will not be illegal. Thank you.
9. The normal contract exchange is that if the margin in your account is 100000 yuan, and you open five times the leverage and buy a bullish bitcoin contract, your margin will be increased by five times, and the income and risk will also be increased by five times
if bitcoin goes up by 10%, you will earn 100000 * 10% * 5 = 50000 yuan
if bitcoin drops by 10%, you will lose 50000 yuan. When bitcoin drops by 20%, all your margin will lose, that is, you have burst your position< As for how to make money, it depends on your luck, trading experience and trading technology.
if bitcoin goes up by 10%, you will earn 100000 * 10% * 5 = 50000 yuan
if bitcoin drops by 10%, you will lose 50000 yuan. When bitcoin drops by 20%, all your margin will lose, that is, you have burst your position< As for how to make money, it depends on your luck, trading experience and trading technology.
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