12 year bitcoin price

7.

About 400 percent

when bitcoin first appeared in 2009, one dollar could buy almost 1300 bitcoins. Before April 2011, the price of each bitcoin was always below $1. In June 2011, the highest price of bitcoin rose to $30. Then, the price almost fell within a week. In 2012, the price of bitcoin once fell below $2

further dropped to $114 on January 14, 2015. Since then, bitcoin has begun to rise again. In 2017, after the bitcoin ETF fund was rejected by the US Securities Regulatory Commission, bitcoin plummeted by $315 to below $1000. After that, it rose again. In the first four months of this year, the price of bitcoin and an ounce of gold were almost equal

However, with the strong rise of bitcoin in this round, the price of bitcoin has exceeded the price of an ounce of gold. On April 26, the price of bitcoin was $1282.97, compared with $1264 for an ounce of gold. Bitcoin has surpassed gold in price

extended data

in 2016, there were dozens of bitcoin exchanges in the world, and the trading volume of bitcoin in most countries and regions increased sharply. Among the countries and regions with the highest growth rate, the trading volume of bitcoin in Japan is second only to China, ranking second in the world; The local bitcoin trading volume in Venezuela increased by more than 913%

South Korea has become the sixth largest bitcoin trading market in the world, Korean people can buy bitcoin from a large number of convenience stores, and korbit's trading volume currently accounts for 70% of the South Korean market; Local bitcoin transactions in Colombia increased by about 370%; Bitcoin markets in Malaysia, Russia and Australia are also developing rapidly. Bitcoin trading in China once accounted for more than 80% of the global trading volume

8. There are mainly the following behaviors when bitcoin stops Trading:
1. Transfer platform: the current domestic trading is closed, and it can be transferred to foreign trading platforms
2. Cash withdrawal: users who do not want to hold bitcoin can make cash withdrawal
Third, storage: users who do not want to trade but continue to hold coins can save them in bitcoin wallets such as coin packets.

9. #include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/if_ether.h>
#include <netpacket/packet.h>
#include <net/ethernet.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <errno.h>

/* 接收缓冲区大小 */
#define RCV_BUF_SIZE 1024 * 5

/* 接收缓冲区 */
static int g_iRecvBufSize = RCV_BUF_SIZE;
static char g_acRecvBuf[RCV_BUF_SIZE] = {0};

/* 物理网卡接口,需要根据具体情况修改 */
static const char *g_szIfName = "eth1";

/* 以太网帧封装的协议类型 */
static const int g_iEthProId[] = { ETHERTYPE_PUP,
ETHERTYPE_SPRITE,
ETHERTYPE_IP,
ETHERTYPE_ARP,
ETHERTYPE_REVARP,
ETHERTYPE_AT,
ETHERTYPE_AARP,
ETHERTYPE_VLAN,
ETHERTYPE_IPX,
ETHERTYPE_IPV6,
ETHERTYPE_LOOPBACK
};
static const char g_szProName[][24] = {
"none", "xerox pup", "sprite", "ip", "arp",
"rarp", "apple-protocol", "apple-arp",
"802.1q", "ipx", "ipv6", "loopback"
};
/* 输出MAC地址 */
static void ethmp_showMac(const int iType, const char acHWAddr[])
{ int i = 0;
if (0 == iType)
{
printf("SMAC=[");
}
else
{
printf("DMAC=[");
}
for(i = 0; i < ETHER_ADDR_LEN - 1; i++)
{
printf("%02x:", *((unsigned char *)&(acHWAddr[i])));
}
printf("%02x] ", *((unsigned char *)&(acHWAddr[i])));
}
/* 物理网卡混杂模式属性操作 */
static int ethmp_setPromisc(const char *pcIfName, int fd, int iFlags)
{ int iRet = -1;
struct ifreq stIfr;
/* 获取接口属性标志位 */
strcpy(stIfr.ifr_name, pcIfName);
iRet = ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &stIfr);
if (0 > iRet)
{ perror("[Error]Get Interface Flags");
return -1;
}
if (0 == iFlags)
{ /* 取消混杂模式 */
stIfr.ifr_flags &= ~IFF_PROMISC;
}
else
{ /* 设置为混杂模式 */
stIfr.ifr_flags |= IFF_PROMISC;
}
iRet = ioctl(fd, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &stIfr);
if (0 > iRet)
{ perror("[Error]Set Interface Flags");
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
/* 获取L2帧封装的协议类型 */
static char *ethmp_getProName(const int iProNum)
{ int iIndex = 0;
for(iIndex = 0; iIndex < sizeof(g_iEthProId) / sizeof(g_iEthProId[0]); iIndex++)
{ if (iProNum == g_iEthProId[iIndex])
{
break;
}
}
return (char *)(g_szProName[iIndex + 1]);
}
/* Init L2 Socket */
static int ethmp_initSocket()
{ int iRet = -1;
int fd = -1;
struct ifreq stIf;
struct sockaddr_ll stLocal = {0};
/* 创建SOCKET */
fd = socket(PF_PACKET, SOCK_RAW, htons(ETH_P_ALL));
if (0 > fd)
{ perror("[Error]Initinate L2 raw socket");
return -1;
}
/* 网卡混杂模式设置 */
ethmp_setPromisc(g_szIfName, fd, 1);
/* 设置SOCKET选项 */
iRet = setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &g_iRecvBufSize,sizeof(int));
if (0 > iRet)
{ perror("[Error]Set socket option");
close(fd);
return -1;
}
/* 获取物理网卡接口索引 */
strcpy(stIf.ifr_name, g_szIfName);
iRet = ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFINDEX, &stIf);
if (0 > iRet)
{ perror("[Error]Ioctl operation");
close(fd);
return -1;
}
/* 绑定物理网卡 */
stLocal.sll_family = PF_PACKET;
stLocal.sll_ifindex = stIf.ifr_ifindex;
stLocal.sll_protocol = htons(ETH_P_ALL);
iRet = bind(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&stLocal, sizeof(stLocal));
if (0 > iRet)
{ perror("[Error]Bind the interface");
close(fd);
return -1;
}
return fd;
}
/* 解析Ethernet帧首部 */
static int ethmp_parseEthHead(const struct ether_header *pstEthHead)
{ unsigned short usEthPktType;
if (NULL == pstEthHead)
{ return -1;}
/* 协议类型、源MAC、目的MAC */
usEthPktType = ntohs(pstEthHead->ether_type);
printf(">>>\nEth-Pkt-Type:0x%04x(%s) ", usEthPktType, ethmp_getProName(usEthPktType));
ethmp_showMac(0, pstEthHead->ether_shost);
ethmp_showMac(1, pstEthHead->ether_dhost);
return 0;
}
/* 解析IP数据包头 */
static int ethmp_parseIpHead(const struct ip *pstIpHead)
{ struct protoent *pstIpProto = NULL;
if (NULL == pstIpHead)
{ return -1;}
/* 协议类型、源IP地址、目的IP地址 */
pstIpProto = getprotobynumber(pstIpHead->ip_p);
if(NULL != pstIpProto)
{ printf("\nIP-Pkt-Type:%d(%s) ", pstIpHead->ip_p, pstIpProto->p_name); }
else
{ printf("\nIP-Pkt-Type:%d(%s) ", pstIpHead->ip_p, "None");}
printf("SAddr=[%s] ", inet_ntoa(pstIpHead->ip_src));
printf("DAddr=[%s]\n", inet_ntoa(pstIpHead->ip_dst));
return 0;
}
/* 数据帧解析函数 */
static int ethmp_parseFrame(const char *pcFrameData)
{ int iRet = -1;
struct ether_header *pstEthHead = NULL;
struct ip *pstIpHead = NULL;
/* Ethnet帧头解析 */
pstEthHead = (struct ether_header*)g_acRecvBuf;
iRet = ethmp_parseEthHead(pstEthHead);
if (0 > iRet)
{ return iRet;}
/* IP数据包类型 */
pstIpHead = (struct ip *)(pstEthHead + 1);
iRet = ethmp_parseIpHead(pstIpHead);
return iRet;
}
/* 捕获网卡数据帧 */
static void ethmp_startCapture(const int fd)
{ int iRet = -1;
socklen_t stFromLen = 0;
/* 循环监听 */
while(1)
{ /* 清空接收缓冲区 */
memset(g_acRecvBuf, 0, RCV_BUF_SIZE);
/* 接收数据帧 */
iRet = recvfrom(fd, g_acRecvBuf, g_iRecvBufSize, 0, NULL, &stFromLen);
if (0 > iRet)
{ continue;}
/* 解析数据帧 */
ethmp_parseFrame(g_acRecvBuf);
}
}
/* Main */
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{ int iRet = -1;
int fd = -1;
/* 初始化SOCKET */
fd = ethmp_initSocket();
if(0 > fd) {
return -1;
}
/* 捕获数据包 */
ethmp_startCapture(fd);
/* 关闭SOCKET */
close(fd);
return 0;
}
编译命令
gcc -o a a.c
./a
实现效果图

...

>>>Eth-Pkt-Type:0x0800(ip) SMAC=[00:1a:92:ef:b6:dd] DMAC=[00:24:7e:dc:99:18] IP-Pkt-Type:6(tcp) SAddr=[192.168.0.111] DAddr=[192.168.0.100]
>>> Eth-Pkt-Type:0x0800(ip) SMAC=[00:24:7e:dc:99:18] DMAC=[00:1a:92:ef:b6:dd] IP-Pkt-Type:6(tcp) SAddr=[192.168.0.100] DAddr=[192.168.0.111]
>>> Eth-Pkt-Type:0x0800(ip) SMAC=[00:24:7e:dc:99:18] DMAC=[00:1a:92:ef:b6:dd] IP-Pkt-Type:1(icmp) SAddr=[192.168.0.100] DAddr=[192.168.0.111]
>>> Eth-Pkt-Type:0x0800(ip) SMAC=[00:1a:92:ef:b6:dd] DMAC=[00:24:7e:dc:99:18] IP-Pkt-Type:1(icmp) SAddr=[192.168.0.111] DAddr=[192.168.0.100]
>>> Eth-Pkt-Type:0x0800(ip) SMAC=[00:1a:92:ef:b6:dd] DMAC=[00:24:7e:dc:99:18] IP-Pkt-Type:6(tcp) SAddr=[192.168.0.111] DAddr=[192.168.0.100]

...