Bitcoin network problems
Publish: 2021-05-15 19:48:12
1. The concept of bitcoin was first proposed by Nakamoto on November 1, 2008, and was officially born on January 3, 2009. According to the idea of Nakamoto, the open source software is designed and released, and the P2P network on it is constructed. Bitcoin is a virtual encrypted digital currency in the form of P2P. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system
unlike all currencies, bitcoin does not rely on a specific currency institution to issue. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on a specific algorithm. Bitcoin economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions, and uses cryptography design to ensure the security of all aspects of currency circulation. The decentralized nature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially manipulate the value of bitcoin through mass proction. The design based on cryptography can make bitcoin only be transferred or paid by the real owner. This also ensures the anonymity of money ownership and circulation transactions. The biggest difference between bitcoin and other virtual currencies is that the total amount of bitcoin is very limited and it has a strong scarcity.
unlike all currencies, bitcoin does not rely on a specific currency institution to issue. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on a specific algorithm. Bitcoin economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions, and uses cryptography design to ensure the security of all aspects of currency circulation. The decentralized nature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially manipulate the value of bitcoin through mass proction. The design based on cryptography can make bitcoin only be transferred or paid by the real owner. This also ensures the anonymity of money ownership and circulation transactions. The biggest difference between bitcoin and other virtual currencies is that the total amount of bitcoin is very limited and it has a strong scarcity.
2. You may have been delayed in bitcoin transactions. For this reason, okcoin makes the following explanation on the concerns and doubts of users
methods / steps
1 bitcoin network is a global P2P network, which is jointly maintained by all the nodes (which can be understood as computers) accessing the network. On average, the global network (not a company or an indivial) will confirm the transaction once every 10 minutes. According to the network rules, the bitcoin received by the user needs to be confirmed six times (that is, one hour) before it can be used by the user to pay again
2 recently, bitcoin's arrival speed is slow, because there are too many transactions in the whole bitcoin network, and the block capacity is close to the upper limit, resulting in the congestion of bitcoin network, and slowing down the confirmation of bitcoin on major trading platforms. This is determined by the characteristics of bitcoin network itself and is not controlled by the trading platform
3 generally speaking, if the transaction is not confirmed by the bitcoin network for more than 3 days, bitcoin will be returned. Unconfirmed bitcoin will not disappear, please don't worry. This process is determined by the characteristics of bitcoin network itself, and the trading platform cannot intervene in the operation. Therefore, please wait patiently for the confirmation or return of bitcoin network
4 there is no way to cancel the exported bitcoin, which needs to be confirmed by the bitcoin miner; If you want to speed up the confirmation, you can appropriately increase the service charge paid to the miners, which is not collected by the platform.
methods / steps
1 bitcoin network is a global P2P network, which is jointly maintained by all the nodes (which can be understood as computers) accessing the network. On average, the global network (not a company or an indivial) will confirm the transaction once every 10 minutes. According to the network rules, the bitcoin received by the user needs to be confirmed six times (that is, one hour) before it can be used by the user to pay again
2 recently, bitcoin's arrival speed is slow, because there are too many transactions in the whole bitcoin network, and the block capacity is close to the upper limit, resulting in the congestion of bitcoin network, and slowing down the confirmation of bitcoin on major trading platforms. This is determined by the characteristics of bitcoin network itself and is not controlled by the trading platform
3 generally speaking, if the transaction is not confirmed by the bitcoin network for more than 3 days, bitcoin will be returned. Unconfirmed bitcoin will not disappear, please don't worry. This process is determined by the characteristics of bitcoin network itself, and the trading platform cannot intervene in the operation. Therefore, please wait patiently for the confirmation or return of bitcoin network
4 there is no way to cancel the exported bitcoin, which needs to be confirmed by the bitcoin miner; If you want to speed up the confirmation, you can appropriately increase the service charge paid to the miners, which is not collected by the platform.
3. Qube exchange answers for you:
1) new transactions broadcast to the whole network
2) each node brings the received transaction information into a block
3) each node tries to find a workload proof with enough difficulty in its own block
4) when a node finds a workload proof, it broadcasts to the whole network
5) if and only if all the transactions contained in the block are valid and have not existed before, other nodes agree with the validity of the block
6) other nodes indicate that they accept the block, and the method of indicating acceptance is to follow the end of the block, create a new block to extend the chain, and regard the random hash value of the accepted block as the random hash value that is faster than the new block
hope to help you.
1) new transactions broadcast to the whole network
2) each node brings the received transaction information into a block
3) each node tries to find a workload proof with enough difficulty in its own block
4) when a node finds a workload proof, it broadcasts to the whole network
5) if and only if all the transactions contained in the block are valid and have not existed before, other nodes agree with the validity of the block
6) other nodes indicate that they accept the block, and the method of indicating acceptance is to follow the end of the block, create a new block to extend the chain, and regard the random hash value of the accepted block as the random hash value that is faster than the new block
hope to help you.
4. Bitcoin adopts the Internet-based P2P (peer-to-peer) network architecture. P2P means that each computer in the same network is peer-to-peer, each node provides network services together, there is no "special" node. Each network node is connected with each other in a "flat" topology. There is no server, centralized service and hierarchical structure in P2P network. P2P network nodes interact and cooperate: each node provides services to the outside world, but also uses the services provided by other nodes in the network. P2P network is reliable, decentralized and open
the P2P network structure adopted by bitcoin is not just the choice of topology. Bitcoin is designed as a point-to-point digital cash system, and its network architecture is the reflection and cornerstone of this core feature. Decentralized control is the core principle of design, which can only be achieved by maintaining a flat and decentralized P2P consensus network
each node in bitcoin P2P network is peer-to-peer, but according to the different functions provided, the division of labor of each node is not the same. Each bitcoin node is a functional set of routing, blockchain database, mining and wallet services. A bitcoin network node includes four functions: wallet, miner, complete blockchain and network routing node
some nodes keep a complete and up-to-date of the blockchain, which is called "all nodes". The whole node can independently verify all transactions without any external reference. In addition, some nodes only retain part of the blockchain, and they complete transaction verification through a method called "simple payment verification (SPV)". Such a node is called "SPV node", also known as "lightweight node"
mining nodes create new blocks in a competitive way through proof of work (POW) algorithm running on special hardware devices. Some mining nodes are also full nodes, keeping a complete of the blockchain; There are also some nodes involved in the mining of the mine pool, which are lightweight nodes, and they must rely on the whole node maintained by the mine pool server to work
User wallets can also be used as part of the whole node, which is common in desktop bitcoin clients. At present, more and more users' wallets are SPV nodes, especially bitcoin wallets running on resource constrained devices such as smart phones, which is becoming more and more common.
the P2P network structure adopted by bitcoin is not just the choice of topology. Bitcoin is designed as a point-to-point digital cash system, and its network architecture is the reflection and cornerstone of this core feature. Decentralized control is the core principle of design, which can only be achieved by maintaining a flat and decentralized P2P consensus network
each node in bitcoin P2P network is peer-to-peer, but according to the different functions provided, the division of labor of each node is not the same. Each bitcoin node is a functional set of routing, blockchain database, mining and wallet services. A bitcoin network node includes four functions: wallet, miner, complete blockchain and network routing node
some nodes keep a complete and up-to-date of the blockchain, which is called "all nodes". The whole node can independently verify all transactions without any external reference. In addition, some nodes only retain part of the blockchain, and they complete transaction verification through a method called "simple payment verification (SPV)". Such a node is called "SPV node", also known as "lightweight node"
mining nodes create new blocks in a competitive way through proof of work (POW) algorithm running on special hardware devices. Some mining nodes are also full nodes, keeping a complete of the blockchain; There are also some nodes involved in the mining of the mine pool, which are lightweight nodes, and they must rely on the whole node maintained by the mine pool server to work
User wallets can also be used as part of the whole node, which is common in desktop bitcoin clients. At present, more and more users' wallets are SPV nodes, especially bitcoin wallets running on resource constrained devices such as smart phones, which is becoming more and more common.
5. Pro test is not bad, at least people can watch it for free, and there are not so many annoying advertisements.
6. 1. MacOS version requirements: click from the top menu of the screen- About local system report... Open the system report app, find the "software" column in the left column and select it. View the system version column on the right:
system version: MacOS
10.12.1
(16b2657)
if your system version is less than 10.12.1, Please check the update and install it through app
store (or download the combined update installation image from Apple support website for manual installation). If you have installed 10.12.1 but the version number is less than 16b26xx, it means that the 10.12.1 you installed is not the latest version. You need to download the combined update installation image from Apple support website for manual installation
MacOS
10.12.1
update content: https://support.apple.com/zh-cn/ht206174
MacOS
10.12.1
combined update download: https://support.apple.com/kb/dl1897? viewlocale=zh_ cn&locale=zh_ Cn
2. To enable the native touch
bar function, you need to use your apple
ID to download Xcode from the app
store (about 15g of disk free space, if you are the developer of MacOS or IOS, Congratulations, you can continue). After installation, open Xcode and select
window show
touch
bar from the menu of Xcode at the top of the screen, You will find that the touch
bar is already displayed on the screen. At this time, you just need to keep Xcode on (which can be minimized). You can experience and use touch
bar as much as you want. Just like the entity touch
bar, you can open the system preferences app, customize your touch
bar display mode in the "keyboard" item, and also customize the buttons on the control bar. You can even choose display custom multi touch
bar from the menu of apps that support custom touch
bar to customize the application control bar. Yes, you now have the full function of touch
bar. The only difference is that touch
bar is directly displayed on the screen. Of course, you have to use the touch pad or mouse instead of touch and click. Finally, you need to find a suitable location for the touch
bar window on the screen
3. Another scenario: if I am an ordinary user and do not want to download Xcode, or the available disk space is not so large, can I not experience touch
bar
of course not. If you can't turn on this function directly, there will always be a big God who can transplant the function to make it run independently. Download a file called
touch é
app
note: the system should refer to point 1, otherwise it will not work. On the other hand, although the two look similar, Xcode turns on calling the native functions of the system,
touch é
it is the version transplanted by Dashen, and its reliability may be slightly poor. You can check the update from time to time to see if there is any repair or improvement (you can also turn on the automatic update function)
finally, of course, there is still a gap between the experience and the entity touch
bar, such as the lack of the function of word selection and association when inputting Chinese. Emoj can only choose the most commonly used one. If you want to have a perfect experience, you are recommended to use a touch
bar device.
system version: MacOS
10.12.1
(16b2657)
if your system version is less than 10.12.1, Please check the update and install it through app
store (or download the combined update installation image from Apple support website for manual installation). If you have installed 10.12.1 but the version number is less than 16b26xx, it means that the 10.12.1 you installed is not the latest version. You need to download the combined update installation image from Apple support website for manual installation
MacOS
10.12.1
update content: https://support.apple.com/zh-cn/ht206174
MacOS
10.12.1
combined update download: https://support.apple.com/kb/dl1897? viewlocale=zh_ cn&locale=zh_ Cn
2. To enable the native touch
bar function, you need to use your apple
ID to download Xcode from the app
store (about 15g of disk free space, if you are the developer of MacOS or IOS, Congratulations, you can continue). After installation, open Xcode and select
window show
touch
bar from the menu of Xcode at the top of the screen, You will find that the touch
bar is already displayed on the screen. At this time, you just need to keep Xcode on (which can be minimized). You can experience and use touch
bar as much as you want. Just like the entity touch
bar, you can open the system preferences app, customize your touch
bar display mode in the "keyboard" item, and also customize the buttons on the control bar. You can even choose display custom multi touch
bar from the menu of apps that support custom touch
bar to customize the application control bar. Yes, you now have the full function of touch
bar. The only difference is that touch
bar is directly displayed on the screen. Of course, you have to use the touch pad or mouse instead of touch and click. Finally, you need to find a suitable location for the touch
bar window on the screen
3. Another scenario: if I am an ordinary user and do not want to download Xcode, or the available disk space is not so large, can I not experience touch
bar
of course not. If you can't turn on this function directly, there will always be a big God who can transplant the function to make it run independently. Download a file called
touch é
app
note: the system should refer to point 1, otherwise it will not work. On the other hand, although the two look similar, Xcode turns on calling the native functions of the system,
touch é
it is the version transplanted by Dashen, and its reliability may be slightly poor. You can check the update from time to time to see if there is any repair or improvement (you can also turn on the automatic update function)
finally, of course, there is still a gap between the experience and the entity touch
bar, such as the lack of the function of word selection and association when inputting Chinese. Emoj can only choose the most commonly used one. If you want to have a perfect experience, you are recommended to use a touch
bar device.
7. It's not true. Why is there such a saying. I am curious.
8. If the software is updated, the network display is slow. You can go to the official website to see if there is an update package. Generally, the app and the network do not support this. In addition, there is a problem with your network itself. A series of problems caused by poor signal will appear, and the software can't be opened. This kind of problem is common in general software, Change your mobile phone and download it to see if it's the same problem, then you'll know it's the same problem.
9. 1. Install a computer manager
2, and then use the computer manager toolbox to fix the vulnerability
3. Just use this tool to fix the vulnerability
2, and then use the computer manager toolbox to fix the vulnerability
3. Just use this tool to fix the vulnerability
10. Ji kejunyi sang the lyrics of "Sadness"
the following are the lyrics:
the wind disappears on the top of the wilderness
the flowers are short of people to leave
the reincarnation of several generations under the star peak
yearning for a pile of infatuated tears
thousands of years apart
seeing all the fallen flowers and forgetting not to return
it's hard to tell right from wrong
the lingering love in the past life
How can this life be more intense
congealing love is precious, even if it turns to st
the song is full of love A thought of the long star just pour out for you
fall into nothingness and turn into a disaster
it's difficult for the rest of your life, and it's hard to be absolutely in your heart
how sad it is
Zhu Xian and the hazy moon are separated
the aftersound can't wrap around all the missing
infinite memories
the sadness is too beautiful
the wind is disappearing on the top of barren land
flowers are missing and people are leaving
the reincarnation of several generations under the star peak
missing piles of infatuated tears
thousands of years apart
look It's hard to tell right from wrong when you're falling
tottering
lingering attachment in previous life
How can this life be more intense
condensing love is precious, even if it turns to ashes
a thought of the long star will only pour out for you
falling into nothingness will turn into disaster
difficulty in the rest of your life, the feeling in your heart will be difficult
how sad
Zhu Xian and the hazy moon will shine apart
the aftersound will not be able to miss you all
infinite memories
the long star will only pour out for you Xie
fell into nothingness and turned into a love disaster
it's hard to distinguish
more sad
Zhu Xian and the hazy moon are bright
the lingering sound can't cover all the missing
infinite memories
the sadness is too beautiful
the following are the lyrics:
the wind disappears on the top of the wilderness
the flowers are short of people to leave
the reincarnation of several generations under the star peak
yearning for a pile of infatuated tears
thousands of years apart
seeing all the fallen flowers and forgetting not to return
it's hard to tell right from wrong
the lingering love in the past life
How can this life be more intense
congealing love is precious, even if it turns to st
the song is full of love A thought of the long star just pour out for you
fall into nothingness and turn into a disaster
it's difficult for the rest of your life, and it's hard to be absolutely in your heart
how sad it is
Zhu Xian and the hazy moon are separated
the aftersound can't wrap around all the missing
infinite memories
the sadness is too beautiful
the wind is disappearing on the top of barren land
flowers are missing and people are leaving
the reincarnation of several generations under the star peak
missing piles of infatuated tears
thousands of years apart
look It's hard to tell right from wrong when you're falling
tottering
lingering attachment in previous life
How can this life be more intense
condensing love is precious, even if it turns to ashes
a thought of the long star will only pour out for you
falling into nothingness will turn into disaster
difficulty in the rest of your life, the feeling in your heart will be difficult
how sad
Zhu Xian and the hazy moon will shine apart
the aftersound will not be able to miss you all
infinite memories
the long star will only pour out for you Xie
fell into nothingness and turned into a love disaster
it's hard to distinguish
more sad
Zhu Xian and the hazy moon are bright
the lingering sound can't cover all the missing
infinite memories
the sadness is too beautiful
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