Bitcoin and palladium

1.

1. Pure platinum is a silver white metal with luster and ctility

its ctility is the highest of all pure metals, better than gold, silver and copper, but its malleability is lower than gold

The corrosion resistance of platinum metal is very strong, and it is very stable at high temperature. It will not oxidize at any temperature, but can be eroded by various halogen, cyanide, sulfur and caustic

platinum is insoluble in hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, but can be dissolved in aqua regia to form chloroplatinic acid (H2PtCl6)

Palladium, a member of platinum group, is similar to platinum in appearance with silver white metallic luster and bright color

specific gravity 12, lighter than platinum, strong ctility. The melting point is 1555 ℃, and the hardness is 4-4.5, which is slightly harder than platinum

It is insoluble in organic acid, cold sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, but soluble in nitric acid and aqua regia

extended data:

palladium identification method:

metals smelted from PGE minerals include palladium, rhodium, iridium, platinum, etc

palladium is a member of the platinum group, but it is different from platinum:

first, palladium component seal is "PD", while platinum component seal is "PT"

The second is that the density of palladium is lower than that of platinum, which weighs 21.45g at the same cubic centimeter, while that of palladium is 12.023g, only 56% of the former

this also means that the weight of palladium is only a little more than half of that of platinum for ornaments of the same size, so the price of palladium is lower than that of platinum

2.

1、 Different definitions:

1, platinum

platinum (PT) is a kind of white precious metal formed naturally. Platinum has been shining in the history of human civilization as early as 700 BC. It has been considered as one of the most noble metals in the history of more than 2000 years

Palladium is a member of platinum group, element symbol PD, similar to platinum in appearance, silver white metallic luster and bright color. Specific gravity 12, lighter than platinum, strong ctility. The melting point is 1555 ℃, and the hardness is 4-4.5, which is slightly harder than platinum. It is not soluble in organic acid, cold sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, but soluble in nitric acid and aqua regia. It is not easy to oxidize and lose luster under normal conditions

Second, different properties:

1. Pure platinum is a silver white metal with luster and ctility. Its ctility is the highest of all pure metals, better than gold, silver and copper, but its malleability is lower than gold. Platinum metal has strong corrosion resistance, very stable at high temperature, and its electrical performance is also very stable

platinum will not oxidize at any temperature, but can be eroded by various halogen, cyanide, sulfur and caustic. Platinum is insoluble in hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, but will dissolve in aqua regia to form chloroplatinic acid (H2PtCl6)

Palladium is a member of platinum group, silver white, lighter than platinum, strong ctility, slightly harder than platinum, insoluble in organic acid, cold sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, but soluble in nitric acid and aqua regia. It is not easy to oxidize and lose luster under normal condition. Jewelry instry used alone, or as gold, silver, platinum alloy components, to increase its hardness. Gold, palladium, K-gold and platinum, palladium alloys are common in the market

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extended data :

Application of platinum:

I. catalyst

the most important use of platinum is the catalyst for chemical reaction, which is usually platinum black. In the early 19th century, chemists began to use platinum powder to catalyze the ignition of hydrogen. Platinum is currently the most widely used in automotive catalytic converters, which can completely burn low concentration unburned hydrocarbons in exhaust gas, procing carbon dioxide and water vapor

In the petroleum instry, platinum can be used to catalyze several different reactions, especially the catalytic reforming of naphtha to gasoline with higher octane number. Platinum dioxide (or Adams catalyst) is a catalyst for hydrogenation, especially for the proction of vegetable oil. Platinum can catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen

From 1889 to 1960, the definition of meter was based on the length of a special platinum iridium alloy rod (90:10), which was called the international meter. The original vessel of 1799 was made of platinum. The international kilogram is a cylinder made of the same batch of platinum iridium alloy in 1879, which is still the standard weight of kilogram. The standard hydrogen electrode is made of platinum because of its high corrosion resistance

Third, platinum is a precious metal trade commodity. The ISO currency code of platinum ingot is "XPT". Platinum coins, platinum bars and platinum ingots can be traded or collected. Platinum is also used as jewelry, usually in 90% to 95% alloy, because it is not easily eroded and has a shiny appearance. Publications on jewelry trading generally advise jewelers to scratch the surface of platinum

In the watch making instry, many companies will use platinum to make limited edition watch series. Platinum is neither tarnished nor scratched (compared with gold), so it is very suitable for making clocks and watches

like other instrial trade commodities, the fluctuation of platinum price is higher than that of gold. In 2008, the price of platinum dropped from US $2252 to US $774 per troy ounce, recing the market value by nearly two-thirds. Compared with the same period, the price of gold dropped from about $1000 to about $700 an ounce, only a third lower than the market value

in a sustained and stable growth economy, platinum price is often double that of gold price; In the unstable period, e to lower instrial demand, platinum price generally falls below the level of gold price. Gold prices are more stable when the economy is sluggish because its demand is not driven by instrial use. In the 18th century, Louis XV of France declared that platinum was the only metal worthy of the king because of its rarity

In the laboratory, platinum wire can be used as electrode. For thermogravimetric analysis, platinum plates and supports will be used because at high temperature (about 1000 ℃) ° C) It has to be strictly chemically inert

platinum is an alloy additive for various metal appliances, such as metal filaments, anti-corrosion test containers, medical devices, dentures, electrical contacts and thermocouples. Platinum cobalt alloy and iron platinum alloy can be made into strong permanent magnet., It is also the main material of recording layer in hard disk. Platinum anodes are used in ships, pipelines and steel terminals

3. Platinum price is the most expensive, mainly platinum as jewelry, has been accepted by people. Palladium is only popular in recent years. Its price is relatively cheap, and 18K platinum is of little value
in terms of the value of metals, palladium is still the most precious and the rarest. In the future, the appreciation will be relatively high. The current price of platinum is not low, and it is estimated that it will not increase too much in the future. As for the composition, limited to the current processing technology, the majority of platinum and palladium are pt990 and pd990 series. Platinum is g18k.

4. Unfortunately, I don't like palladium any more. We need hardness, no hardness, and brightness, no brightness. Platinum includes platinum and palladium, and platinum is more valuable than gold. Palladium: gold, silver, copper and other alloys are of low value and do not keep the value of value. Their ornamental value is not as good as that of stainless steel. They can't be bought in the future.

5. Palladium is the 46th element in the periodic table of elements. It belongs to platinum group element. The element symbol is PD, which is usually marked with PD in jewelry. Gold is the 79th element in the periodic table of elements, and the element symbol is Au, which is generally marked with Au and G in jewelry. Although both are precious metals, the price of palladium is lower than that of gold< (1) in terms of physical properties, palladium and gold have the following differences:

(1) different density. According to the calculation, in the pure case, the density of gold is 19.32 g / cm3, while the density of palladium is 12.02 g / cm3

(2) different colors. The color of gold is generally golden yellow, while the color of palladium is generally white< (3) the melting point is different. The melting point of gold is 1064 ℃, while that of palladium is 1554 ℃< (4) hardness is different. The Mohr hardness of gold is 2.5, while that of palladium is 4.75< (2) from the perspective of investment, palladium and gold have the following differences:

gold is a kind of hard currency with very stable value and special trading market, which is a very popular investment variety. In addition, gold is also the preferred variety of financial reserves in various countries, there is a strong demand

palladium is not the general equivalent in people's minds, and there is no formal trading market, so palladium does not have the basic conditions to become an investment variety, so investors are not recommended to invest in palladium.

6. Platinum usually refers to platinum in people's colloquial, but bad businessmen maliciously confuse the concept, and many white metals become platinum

white gold, also known as k-platinum, is an alloy made by fusing gold with other white metals. Its code name is WG (white gold), which means white gold. White K-gold jewelry is often represented by "18K platinum" or "14K platinum". It's 18K gold in essence, but the color is white

platinum (Platinum)

symbol Pt, silver gray, specific gravity 21.35, melting point 1769 ℃, Mohr 4-4.5 degrees, stable chemical properties, free from acid-base corrosion except aqua regia. Pure platinum is relatively soft, adding ruthenium, rhodium, palladium and other metals will increase its hardness<

platinum alloy

refers to the alloy of platinum with other metals, such as palladium, rhodium, yttrium, ruthenium, cobalt, copper, etc. Although the hardness of pure platinum is higher than that of gold, it is not enough to be used for inlay. It must be combined with other metal alloys to make jewelry. Platinum jewelry is marked with Pt, plat or platinum in the world, which is represented by the thousandth of purity. For example, PT900 means that the purity is 900 ‰. Commonly used platinum jewelry marks are PT1000, pt950, PT900, pt850
Purchasing Guide

internationally, palladium jewelry is marked with the words "PD" or "palladium", which is represented by the purity thousandths. For example, pd900 means the purity is 900 ‰, and palladium jewelry specifications are marked with pd1000, pd950, pd900 and pd850.

7. Palladium and platinum are both rare metals. The difference in element arrangement is not great, and the degree of acid-base resistance is the same. However, there are some differences in price. The main reason is that platinum was first made into jewelry, which has been accepted. In fact, the highest price of palladium in the world is more than 300 yuan per gram. However, the price we operate here is 248 yuan per gram of platinum and 140 yuan per gram of palladium. Palladium consumes more than platinum in the processing process, so it is possible to appreciate in the future.

8. Although palladium is a member of platinum group, it is strictly different from platinum: first, palladium component seal is "PD"; The composition seal of platinum is "PT", with general marks of pt950 and PT900; Second, the price of palladium is lower than that of platinum; Third, palladium is lighter than platinum. While the operators do not introce the above knowledge when selling, they mislead consumers by using the very similar color of platinum and palladium (silver white, beautiful appearance) and the very similar seal "PD" and "PT"
palladium and platinum are both rare metals. The difference in element arrangement is not great, and the degree of acid-base resistance is the same. However, there are some differences in price at present. The main reason is that platinum was first made into jewelry, which has been accepted. In fact, the highest price of palladium in the world is more than 300 yuan per gram. However, the price we operate here is 248 yuan per gram of platinum and 140 yuan per gram of palladium. Palladium consumes more than platinum in the processing process, so it is possible to appreciate in the future.

9. Palladium is a member of platinum group, the noble of platinum group metals. Palladium jewelry is marked with the word PD or palladium in the world. Palladium is relatively stable and resistant to acid attack. It is not easy to oxidize and lose luster under normal conditions. Palladium has almost no impurities and high purity. It is very suitable for skin and jewelry. International jewelry instry began to process palladium platinum, as a component of gold, silver and platinum alloy, to increase its hardness, and graally formed a fashion trend

the hardness of platinum is 4-4.5, and that of gold is 2.5; The density of platinum is 21.45g/cm3 and that of gold is 19.32g/cm3; The melting point of platinum is 1769 ℃ and that of gold is 1064 ℃; Platinum has stable chemical properties; It doesn't react with hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and organic acid at room temperature. It is called "the most corrosion-resistant metal", but dissolves in aqua regia. Platinum has excellent oxidation resistance, good catalysis and thermoelectricity. Platinum can be stretched into a thin wire with a diameter of 0.001 mm and hammered into a foil with a thickness of 0.127 μ M. even if a gram of platinum is pulled into a filament with a length of 1.6 km, it will not break
platinum can be made into jewelry alone, but in most cases it is combined with diamond to make platinum diamond jewelry

the phenomenon of isomorphic substitution between palladium and platinum is widespread. Palladium is similar to platinum in appearance and hardness, with silver white color and metallic luster. The chemical property is stable. Platinum and palladium are two of the least abundant minerals in platinum group, which are also rare.